{"id":5258,"date":"2015-12-23T13:35:46","date_gmt":"2015-12-23T13:35:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/?page_id=5258"},"modified":"2015-12-23T13:41:53","modified_gmt":"2015-12-23T13:41:53","slug":"dai-thu-an","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/?page_id=5258","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ea0I TH\u1ee6 \u1ea4N"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u1ea0I TH\u1ee6 \u1ea4N
\n<\/strong>(Mahamudra<\/em>)
\nOuang Tchuk Dorj\u00e9<\/strong>
\nTh\u00edch Tr\u00ed Si\u00eau d\u1ecbch<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ee5c L\u1ee5c<\/p>\n

L\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u
\nL\u1eddi t\u1ef1a
\nM\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u<\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG I: D\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp<\/a><\/p>\n

Quy y, l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y v\u00e0 B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m
\nKim Cang qu\u00e1n
\nC\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La
\nB\u1ed5n S\u01b0 Du Gi\u00e0
\nV\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft
\nNghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3
\nS\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i
\n\u00d0\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n hy h\u1eefu
\nB\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG II: Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/a><\/p>\n

T\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m
\n\u00d0\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc
\nNh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c
\n\u00d0\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n
\nThi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng
\n\u00d0\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m tr\u00ean h\u01a1i th\u1edf
\n\u00d0\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3
\nCh\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG III: Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n<\/a><\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh
\nQu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng
\nQu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m chi\u1ebfu soi c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt
\nQu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu c\u00f9ng l\u00fac t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng
\nNh\u1eadn ra t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh
\nNh\u1eadn ra t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng
\nNh\u1eadn ra t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m chi\u1ebfu soi c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00e2m li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi th\u00e2n
\nNh\u1eadn ra c\u00f9ng l\u00fac t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00e2m n\u0103ng kh\u1edfi
\nV\u00e0i l\u1eddi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y<\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG IV: K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n v\u00e0 Th\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ecba B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t
\n\u00d0\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/p>\n

L\u1eddi ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3
\nL\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

L\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn tu Thi\u1ec1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u00ec b\u00f5m trong hoang mang. Nay tu theo “Thi\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft v\u1ecdng” c\u1ee7a T\u00e0o \u00d0\u1ed9ng (Soto), mai tu theo “Thi\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng \u00e1n” c\u1ee7a L\u00e2m T\u1ebf (Rinzai). N\u1ebfu tu theo bi\u1ebft v\u1ecdng th\u00ec v\u1ecdng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Khi h\u1ebft v\u1ecdng th\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra? Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec ti\u1ebfp theo? C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n, l\u00e2u l\u00e2u v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m t\u1ef1 ng\u01b0ng, t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m g\u00ec ti\u1ebfp; sau khi x\u1ea3 thi\u1ec1n th\u1ea5y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sinh t\u1eed phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u1eabn c\u00f2n. D\u1ea7n d\u00e0 ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n, quay sang tu Thi\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng \u00e1n. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1eed h\u1ecfi ng\u00e0y nay ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u c\u00f4ng \u00e1n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u0103n c\u01a1 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ta? N\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao kh\u1edfi nghi t\u00ecnh? V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, d\u00f9 cho ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi nghi t\u00ecnh \u0111i n\u1eefa, th\u00ec ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ra tay \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac th\u00e1o \u0111inh nh\u1ed5 ch\u1ed1t cho ta “\u0111\u1ea1i ng\u1ed9”? M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay, ch\u00fang ta Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed, c\u00f3 c\u00f2n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u01a1i s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

D\u00f9 tu theo ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u00e2m linh. Ri\u00eang Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn hai \u0111i\u1ec1u, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gieo t\u1ea1o c\u0103n l\u00e0nh (m\u00e9rites) v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00e2m k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u01a1i v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y (d\u00e9votion au Guru). N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tu \u0111\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi mau th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, nh\u01b0 di\u1ec1u g\u1eb7p gi\u00f3 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt tuy v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i ch\u1eefa hai b\u1ec7nh: ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e1p. \u00d0i s\u00e2u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: Ai ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3? Ta ch\u1ea5p hay t\u00e2m ch\u1ea5p? M\u00e0 ta l\u00e0 ai? T\u00e2m l\u00e0 g\u00ec ch\u1ee9?<\/p>\n

T\u00f9y c\u0103n c\u01a1 v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p duy\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tu t\u1eadp tr\u00ean hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n: ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh. Ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i: C\u00e2u X\u00e1 (Kosa), Duy Th\u1ee9c (Vijnanavada), Trung Qu\u00e1n (Madhyami-ka)…, chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch Kinh t\u1ea1ng, d\u00f9ng lu\u1eadn l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2n l\u00fd. Ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh t\u00f4ng th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 b\u1ea3n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi, g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i: Thi\u1ec1n (Chan, Zen), Du Gi\u00e0 (Yoga), M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng (Tantrayana)…<\/p>\n

Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eafp c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o Hi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh v\u00e0o M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “bi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n” kh\u00f4ng \u0111i qua v\u0103n t\u1ef1 Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n. M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng v\u1eady, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n tu luy\u1ec7n b\u00f9a ch\u00fa, ph\u00f9 ph\u00e9p tr\u1eeb ma \u1ebfm qu\u1ef7. S\u1edf d\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00ec \u0111a s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n kh\u1ea9u (transmission orale) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n trao gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p (initiation). Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd gi\u00e1o th\u00ec d\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec n\u00f3 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c s\u1ef1 giao \u01b0\u1edbc (samaya) c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gia h\u1ed9 thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc Th\u1ea7y T\u1ed5 trong t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3i b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn, v\u00ec m\u1ed7i t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tinh t\u00fay th\u00e2m s\u00e2u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn bi\u1ebft nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1ch quan v\u00e0 r\u00fat t\u1ec9a \u0111i\u1ec1u hay l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 tu h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u00fang ra tu t\u1eadp M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00edch truy\u1ec1n (lung, dbang), n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn xa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu gi\u1eef \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd mai m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu duy\u00ean s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. Do \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e0nh m\u1ea1o mu\u1ed9i phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n, sau l\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng tu thi\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y (Guru, Lama) v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

Tu t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n c\u00f3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

1) Theo s\u00e1u ph\u00e9p Du Gi\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Naropa,
\n2) Thi\u1ec1n Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n (Shin\u00e9-lhaktong).<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thu\u1ed9c M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 hai, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Thai, T\u1ee9 Ni\u1ec7m X\u1ee9 v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng Trung Hoa. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 t\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i Ouang Tchuk Dorj\u00e9 Karmapa, t\u1ed5 th\u1ee9 9 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i Kagyupa (ph\u00e1i \u00e1o v\u1ea3i), m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng thi v\u0103n, k\u1ec7 ng\u00f4n di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 n\u1eeda \u00fap n\u1eeda m\u1edf m\u00e0 n\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng gi\u00fap h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 nh\u1eadn ra b\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n (Mahamudra).<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i xin c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 Lama Sh\u00e9rab Dorj\u00e9 vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng tu vi\u1ec7n Kagyu Ling v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Yiga Tcheudzinn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd cho t\u00f4i d\u1ecbch t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng ghi t\u1ea1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Ganden Rinpoch\u00e9 v\u00e0 Guendune Rinpoch\u00e9 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd cho t\u00f4i. Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch, v\u00ec du t\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00ean ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t, mong b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc h\u1ed9i \u00fd qu\u00ean l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ee3i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc cao minh hoan h\u1ef7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9 ch\u1ec9 gi\u00e1o cho.<\/p>\n

Xin h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u1ea7u cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e2m c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0n Th\u1ea3o L\u1ed9, th\u00e1ng ba n\u0103m 1989.
\nTh\u00edch Tr\u00ed Si\u00eau<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

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-ooOoo-<\/p>\n

Ghi ch\u00fa:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef th\u1eb3ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean v\u0103n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Karmapa \u0111\u1ec7 IX. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef nghi\u00eang l\u00e0 l\u1eddi b\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a B\u00e9rou Khyents\u00e9 Rinpoch\u00e9. Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u1edf cu\u1ed1i trang l\u00e0 do d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

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L\u1eddi t\u1ef1a<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb l\u00e2u c\u00e1c tri\u1ebft gia, \u0111\u1ea1o gia v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta, h\u00e0ng ph\u1eadt t\u1eed, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 b\u0103n kho\u0103n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00e2m, v\u00ec t\u00e2m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2y m\u1ed1i nh\u1ee3 sinh ra c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p: “T\u00e2m sanh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u sanh, t\u00e2m di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec7t”. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00e2m l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ra sao? \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ta th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng khi mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y. N\u00f3 t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u00f4i khi c\u00e1i t\u1ea5m “g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m” n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c, c\u00f3 l\u00fac l\u1ea1i nhu trong v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec hi\u1ec7n \u1edf trong, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 l\u00fac n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u00e0o \u00e0o nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n gi\u00f3 l\u1ed1c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 trong t\u00e2m hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, \u00e2m thanh ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111i n\u1eefa, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1nh hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft (n\u00f3i cho d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft) trong s\u00e1ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng. N\u1ebfu \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a “c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft” n\u00e0y, ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu hay \u01b0a th\u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i g\u00ec hi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t “g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m”. M\u1ed9t khi nh\u1eadn ra c\u00e1i t\u00e1nh ng\u00e0n x\u01b0a (b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh) c\u1ee7a g\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y th\u00ec b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn, ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i, v\u00ec ta ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 “y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 trong s\u00e1ng”. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean th\u00ec nh\u1eefng v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m, \u1ea3o \u1ea3nh (v\u1ed1n tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c) s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o cho ta mu\u00f4n \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, lo \u00e2u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ham mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n, Mahamudra, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m, nh\u1eb1m lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00fa ch\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e3 bao ph\u1ee7 d\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n t\u00e2m. Tuy nhi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 “d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp” (pratiques pr\u00e9liminaires). C\u00f3 d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng th\u00ec ti\u1ebfn tu m\u1edbi thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

\u00d0i\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u hy h\u1eefu. Trong c\u00e1c Kinh, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf: th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 m\u1ea5t. C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm, qu\u00e1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. Khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec ngay c\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, danh v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ta, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c trong l\u00fac s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 \u0111i theo ta nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi b\u00f3ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong l\u00fac th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n kho\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh, l\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f2ng, m\u1eaft ch\u01b0a l\u00f2a, ta h\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u00fd ngh\u0129a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111em l\u1ea1i an vui v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m l\u1eabn nhau. \u00d0\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eady, ng\u00e0y ra \u0111i ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n thanh th\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean theo lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec ta v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i sanh. C\u00f2n t\u00e1i sanh l\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi sinh, gi\u00e0, b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ebft. D\u00f9 t\u00e1i sanh l\u00e0m tr\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi, vua, th\u00fa v\u1eadt hay qu\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f3i \u0111i n\u1eefa, ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u0111au kh\u1ed5 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c. S\u1ef1 khao kh\u00e1t m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb ng\u0103n che b\u1edfi tham d\u1ee5c, s\u00e2n h\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n qu\u00e1 \u00edch k\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a ta. \u00d0i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m l\u00e0 suy ng\u1eabm, qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, sau \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo ta qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh ta ch\u1ecbu \u0111au kh\u1ed5, m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t con b\u1ecd nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng v\u00f9ng v\u1eaby ch\u1ea1y tho\u00e1t khi b\u1ecb l\u00f9ng b\u1eaft. H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i xem, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, do \u0111\u00f3 ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ng\u01a1 \u0111i t\u00ecm h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ecf qu\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eady m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m xong ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7, ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m sao th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ta ch\u01b0a tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham s\u00e2n si, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n t\u00e2m. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u1ea7u c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh. Mu\u1ed1n v\u1eady ta c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m (Bodhicitta), t\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sanh.<\/p>\n

Hai \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean, ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sanh, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m linh cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3. Sau khi ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc sang ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi, hay d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp. Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch thanh l\u1ecdc, ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00f4 k\u1ec7ch, gi\u00fap ta t\u00edch t\u1ee5 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 sau n\u00e0y \u00edt g\u1eb7p tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn nhanh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3. Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 l\u1ea1y Ph\u1eadt. Trong l\u00fac l\u1ea1y Ph\u1eadt, ta ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu lu\u00f4n s\u1ef1 quy y Tam B\u1ea3o, kh\u1edfi l\u00f2ng tin ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 Tam B\u1ea3o l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n duy nh\u1ea5t gi\u00fap ta tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7n h\u1ee5p trong \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i. L\u1ea1y Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng gi\u00fap ta ch\u1eeba b\u1ecf t\u00e1nh c\u1ed1ng cao ng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kham nh\u1eabn ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ebd t\u1ea9y tr\u1eeb b\u1edbt nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ta.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp k\u1ebf l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 Kim Cang T\u00e1t \u00d0\u1ecfa (Vajrasattva m\u00e9ditation). Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea9y tr\u1eeb nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u. Ti\u1ebfp theo sau l\u00e0 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La (offrande du Mandala), ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ta t\u00edch t\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 Guru Yoga, ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 m\u1ed1i gi\u00e2y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ta v\u1edbi v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y (Lama hay Guru) v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb T\u1ed5 trong t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i. Qua trung gian b\u00e0i th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp n\u00e0y ta ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 gia h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n tu t\u1eadp d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nghe gi\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1o l\u00fd v\u00e0 suy t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp mi\u00ean man v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p \u00d0\u1ecbnh T\u00e2m (Samatha) v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu th\u00e2m s\u00e2u (Vipasyana). Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ph\u00e1p \u00d0\u1ecbnh T\u00e2m s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ta nh\u1eadn ra (hay nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i) b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu th\u00e2m s\u00e2u s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ta th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng “t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng” (Vacuit\u00e9, Sunyata) hay th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p. Tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd g\u1ed9t s\u1ea1ch v\u00f4 minh v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 d\u00e0y t\u00e2m ta.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi “c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft” (hay t\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c) t\u1eeb ng\u00e0n x\u01b0a, trong s\u00e1ng, tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c t\u00e2m B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 (Bodhicitta), danh t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1i Tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1i Bi, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfng ca h\u00e1t kh\u00fac kh\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n, v\u00ec ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap ch\u00fang sanh v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

Theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, x\u01b0a kia khi thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Hi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng h\u00f3a th\u00e2n l\u00e0 Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni Ph\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng khi thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o th\u00ec l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng h\u00f3a th\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Vajradhara, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh h\u00f3a th\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n. Gi\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u00d0\u1ed9 do ng\u00e0i Tilopa truy\u1ec1n cho Naropa, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 Marpa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em v\u1ec1 x\u1ee9 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed l\u00e0 Milar\u00e9pa, nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 Du Gi\u00e0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ngay trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 tu h\u00e0nh kh\u1ed5 c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ea5n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 Gampopa, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ng\u00e0i Tusum Khyenpa, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Karmapa \u0111\u1ec7 I, s\u00e1ng T\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a gi\u00f2ng “Karma-Kagyu”. Gi\u00f2ng n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 v\u1ecb T\u1ed5 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i Karmapa \u0111\u1ec7 XVI.<\/p>\n

Kinh s\u00e1ch T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf r\u1eb1ng tu h\u00e0nh theo Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n hay nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o (Tantra), r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y (Lama, Guru), n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n Guru Yoga, m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed nh\u1eadn ra b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u00e0 xem v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng. S\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u c\u0103n l\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Tuy v\u1eady vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m, v\u00ec d\u00f9 cho h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u01a1i v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y (m\u00e0 ta cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o), \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac ta c\u0169ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f2n mang v\u00e0i t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u00f4 minh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f2n l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i trong t\u00e2m ta m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tu t\u1eadp t\u00ean l\u00e0 “Lo Djong” c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Kadam T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i Gampopa \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n, d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tranh ch\u1ea5p x\u1ea3y ra, ta h\u00e3y nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n l\u1ed7i v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. L\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ta s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n duy\u00ean l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho s\u1ef1 tu h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

Mong r\u1eb1ng t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Alexander Berzin
\nDharamsala, \u1ea4n \u00d0\u1ed9, 1977.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

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-ooOoo-<\/p>\n

M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u<\/p>\n

Xin th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m x\u01b0ng t\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i Kagyu. Tuy \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n t\u1eeb v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfp, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nghe danh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 khi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c m\u1ecdi lo \u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

Sau khi \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5 Th\u1ea7y B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 (Lama) v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i, t\u00f4i xin n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f4i l\u1eddi v\u1ec1 \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n, tinh hoa th\u00e2m th\u00fay c\u1ee7a Kim Cang th\u1eeba (Vajrayana) \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n kh\u1ea9u t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni cho \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 [1] c\u1ee7a ta. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 tinh hoa c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt ba \u0111\u1eddi, l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ngay trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n tu h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh. C\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ta \u0111i t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t? Tr\u00f4i l\u0103n trong sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cha m\u1eb9 ta v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi ta. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ta, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n sung s\u01b0\u1edbng an vui, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec b\u1ecb v\u00f4 minh che l\u1ea5p n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c v\u00e0 g\u00e2y kh\u1ed5 cho nhau. Do \u0111\u00f3 ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee9u m\u00ecnh (t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9), sau c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi (\u0111\u1ed9 tha) tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi v\u00f4 minh, \u0111au kh\u1ed5. Theo Kim Cang th\u1eeba, \u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 cha m\u1eb9 (l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m. Nh\u1edd B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y, ta s\u1ebd tinh c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u00f3 ba \u0111i\u1ec1u sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1eadu \u00fap ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p, khi\u1ebfn cho gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n. Th\u1ee9 hai: kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1eadu l\u1ee7ng \u0111\u00e1y, nghe nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3. Th\u1ee9 ba: kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1eadu d\u01a1, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7m \u0111o\u00e1n, nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m bi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn, khi\u1ebfn ta lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n nghi ng\u1edd v\u00e0 b\u00f3p m\u00e9o gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 s\u00e1u phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb b\u1ecf trong khi nghe gi\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1o l\u00fd:<\/p>\n

– Ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o: khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p
\n– Kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng hay nghi ng\u1edd
\n– Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa: v\u00ec ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng v\u1eefng
\n– Kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd: v\u00ec b\u1ecb tr\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1m d\u1ed7
\n– H\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m: v\u00ec nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m
\n– Th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng hay n\u1ea3n ch\u00ed v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 n\u0103m c\u00e1ch th\u00e2u nh\u1eadn (nghe gi\u1ea3ng) kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn: 1) ghi nh\u1edb v\u0103n t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a; 2) ghi nh\u1edb \u00fd ngh\u0129a b\u1ecf qu\u00ean v\u0103n t\u1ef1; 3) v\u00e0 4) cho r\u1eb1ng v\u0103n t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng; 5) ghi nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p sai th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00f4 minh l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh, v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y (Lama) l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129, v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c hay, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] Lama-racine: D\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Th\u1ea7y B\u1ed5n S\u01b0. Theo T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 quy y hay th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi, v\u00ec ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u Th\u1ea7y. V\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho ta gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 (b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh) th\u00ec v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 B\u1ed5n S\u01b0. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u01b0a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 th\u00ec v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y n\u00e0o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ta nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 B\u1ed5n S\u01b0.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea0I TH\u1ee6 \u1ea4N<\/strong>
\n\u00a0(Mahamudra<\/em>)<\/strong>
\nOuang Tchuk Dorj\u00e9<\/strong>
\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed Si\u00eau d\u1ecbch<\/strong><\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG I<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u1ef1 B\u1ecb Tu T\u1eadp<\/strong><\/p>\n

Quy y, l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y v\u00e0 B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c tu t\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Kagyu bao g\u1ed3m ba ph\u1ea7n: d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp, tu t\u1eadp ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 quy y v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m hai lo\u1ea1i: chung (c\u0103n b\u1ea3n) v\u00e0 ri\u00eang. Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft, v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o hay lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3, v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 chung cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o. Ri\u00eang Kim Cang th\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u00eam b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t (ngeun-dro): v\u1eeba l\u1ea1y Ph\u1eadt v\u1eeba quy y (quy l\u1ea1y), Kim Cang qu\u00e1n (m\u00e9ditation de Vajrasattva), c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La (offrande du Mandala) v\u00e0 B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 Du Gi\u00e0 (Guru-yoga). B\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh 100.000 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i ph\u00e1p theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 (ba, b\u1ed1n n\u0103m) v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tinh t\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n. C\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tu t\u1eadp kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m th\u1eddi kh\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho t\u1edbi khi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi th\u00f4i. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u00f9y theo v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y (Lama) quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem c\u00e1i n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u0103n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Karma-Kagyu. V\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u1eeb v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp l\u00e0 t\u1ea9y tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i cho vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp, v\u00e0 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn nhanh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3. S\u1ef1 quy l\u1ea1y v\u00e0 Kim Cang qu\u00e1n thu\u1ed9c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La v\u00e0 B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 Du Gi\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ee9 hai. Trong khi qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3, v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 kham ch\u1ecbu trong ki\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a n\u01a1i Tam B\u1ea3o (Ph\u1eadt, Ph\u00e1p, T\u0103ng). C\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y Tam B\u1ea3o s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ta thanh l\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng m\u1ea7m m\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111au kh\u1ed5. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n xa l\u00e1nh \u0111au kh\u1ed5 nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c v\u00e0 \u00edch k\u1ef7, mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c hay t\u1eeb bi, b\u1edfi th\u1ebf n\u00ean v\u1eabn \u0111au kh\u1ed5 tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean. Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady xong, ta l\u00e0m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i bi v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ta c\u0169ng thanh l\u1ecdc lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 quy l\u1ea1y, ta nguy\u1ec7n ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng, s\u1edbm th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t, h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n c\u00e2y n\u0103m nh\u00e1nh. V\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 ng\u1ed3i \u1edf nh\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa (d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c Vajradhara), \u1edf nh\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t (v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0) c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 H\u1ed9 Th\u1ea7n Kim Cang (Yidam), \u1edf nh\u00e1nh b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i (v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0) l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt (Buddha), \u1edf nh\u00e1nh sau l\u01b0ng l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p (Dharma), v\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u00e1nh b\u00ean tr\u00e1i l\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 T\u0103ng Gi\u00e0 (Sangha). Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quy y (trong l\u00fac l\u1ea1y xu\u1ed1ng) v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh (l\u00e0 cha m\u1eb9) \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ec1 t\u1ef1u sau l\u01b0ng ta v\u00e0 c\u0169ng quy l\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 ta.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 ru\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c (ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1n) hay C\u00e2y L\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea1i T\u1ed5 S\u01b0. Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng ta \u0111ang \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u1eddn hoa thanh t\u00fa, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i c\u1ecf \u00eam d\u1ecbu v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7y th\u00fa hi\u1ec1n h\u00f2a. \u1ede ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i h\u1ed3 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y l\u00e0m to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea3 \u1edf tr\u00ean. Vajradhara (T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef: Dorj\u00e9 Chang) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt khi thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Tantra. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb H\u1ed9 Th\u1ea7n (Yidam) g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: Vajrayogini, H\u00e9ruka, …; ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt ba \u0111\u1eddi: Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u1ecb lai; Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p g\u1ed3m tam t\u1ea1ng Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n (Tripitaka); T\u0103ng Gi\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, Duy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c, Thanh V\u0103n. \u1ede ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e2n c\u00e2y c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb H\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p (Dharmapala) nh\u01b0 Mahakala, Mahakali, … N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng n\u00ean lo ng\u1ea1i. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n tin t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u01a1i s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tranh h\u00ecnh (Thangka) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1ea5y, ta s\u1ebd qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u00f5 h\u01a1n sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng ta d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh nam,<\/em> b\u00ean tr\u00e1i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh n\u1eef. T\u01b0\u1edfng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng chung quanh ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00f4 k\u1ec3, c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eabn th\u00fa; d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, ta \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 quy y. Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5, ch\u1eafp hai b\u00e0n tay l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5, ng\u1ef1c r\u1ed3i qu\u1ef3 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng to\u00e0n th\u00e2n, hai tay \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, xong r\u1ed3i li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac l\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ta \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u sau: “Con v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh, cha m\u1eb9 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u1eafp h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, xin quy y n\u01a1i ch\u01b0 Th\u1ea7y T\u1ed5 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh. Ch\u00fang con xin quy y n\u01a1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb H\u1ed9 Th\u1ea7n Kim Cang v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0 Th\u1ea7n trong M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La. Ch\u00fang con xin quy y n\u01a1i ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt ba \u0111\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang con xin quy y n\u01a1i Th\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p. Ch\u00fang con xin quy y n\u01a1i ch\u01b0 Th\u00e1nh T\u0103ng. Ch\u00fang con xin quy y n\u01a1i to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0 Th\u1ea7n Dakas, Dakinis, H\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 H\u1ed9 M\u1ea1ng”. H\u00e3y th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m t\u1ed1i \u0111a, v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng tin k\u00ednh v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt.Ba ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean: l\u1ea1y, t\u1ee5ng, qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e2n l\u1ea1y, kh\u1ea9u l\u1ea1y v\u00e0 \u00fd l\u1ea1y, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 100.000 l\u1ea7n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tu t\u1eadp c\u00e1c th\u1eddi kh\u00f3a thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n kh\u00e1c, c\u0169ng n\u00ean l\u1ea1y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 7 l\u1ea7n.<\/em><\/p>\n

Trong l\u00fac tu t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p quy l\u1ea1y, ta s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi. Nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y xem \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u0169i thu\u1ed1c ch\u00edch, tuy \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd c\u1ee9u ta kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh. Tuy nh\u1ecdc m\u1ec7t nh\u01b0ng ta v\u1eabn vui v\u1ebb, v\u00ec t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u, \u0111\u00fang l\u00fd ra ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u0111au kh\u1ed5 h\u01a1n trong ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng nay nh\u1edd ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng tu t\u1eadp m\u00e0 ta s\u1edbm gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. Trong khi l\u1ea1y n\u1ebfu c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y n\u00f3ng hay l\u1ea1nh th\u00ec h\u00e3y c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c s\u1edbm tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecfa ng\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u00e0n ng\u1ee5c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t, ta h\u00e3y nguy\u1ec7n cho lo\u00e0i ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7 s\u1edbm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c no \u0111\u1ee7; ho\u1eb7c khi \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1edd \u0111\u1eabn v\u00ec nh\u1ecdc m\u1ec7t, ta h\u00e3y nguy\u1ec7n cho m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i s\u00fac sinh s\u1edbm tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi ngu si. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c tin s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm v\u00e0 ki\u00ean c\u1ed1, ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1t m\u1ecdi phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong l\u00fac tu t\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean b\u1ea3o ta ng\u01b0ng t\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n kh\u00e1c, ta h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m \u0111i\u00ean ph\u00e1 ph\u00e1ch, b\u1ecf qua kh\u00f4ng th\u00e8m \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Ta \u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp: “T\u1eeb nay cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, con xin quy y Ph\u1eadt, Ph\u00e1p, ch\u01b0 hi\u1ec1n th\u00e1nh T\u0103ng…”. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac ta suy ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: “T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 cha m\u1eb9 con, con xin quy y v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1”. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ta qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 T\u1ee9 V\u00f4 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

T\u1ee9 V\u00f4 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u00e2m l\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh:<\/p>\n

1) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an vui h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u c\u0103n l\u00e0nh;
\n2) \u0111\u1ec1u tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c;
\n3) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau v\u00e0 h\u00f2a thu\u1eadn;
\n4) \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00e2m b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n, gh\u00e9t k\u1ebb th\u00f9.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu (s\u1edf qu\u00e1n) \u0111\u1ec1u tan bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng (h\u00e0o quang) th\u1ea5m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ta v\u00e0 gi\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c [1] c\u1ee7a ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean thanh t\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Sau m\u1ed7i th\u1eddi kh\u00f3a quy l\u1ea1y, h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m tan bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a C\u00e2y L\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea1i T\u1ed5 S\u01b0 th\u00e0nh h\u00e0o quang th\u1ea5m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ta v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, trong su\u1ed1t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu n\u00e0o n\u1eefa. H\u00e3y tr\u1ee5 trong “b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y”, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thanh t\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ph\u1ea7n d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: quy l\u1ea1y v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

Kim Cang Qu\u00e1n<\/p>\n

Vajrasattva [2], T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef: Dorj\u00e9 Sempa, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thanh l\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb \u0111au kh\u1ed5, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u, \u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o. H\u00f3a th\u00e2n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng: hi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef t\u1ee3n nh\u01b0 H\u00e9ruka Vajrasattva, \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1eef ph\u1ed1i. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tu t\u1eadp v\u1edbi h\u00f3a th\u00e2n Vajrasattva \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ta, c\u00f3 Th\u1ea7y B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 (Lama) d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng Vajrasattva, to\u00e0n th\u00e2n m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, tay ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7m m\u1ed9t kim cang ch\u00f9y (vajra) ngang gi\u1eefa ng\u1ef1c, tay tr\u00e1i c\u1ea7m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i chu\u00f4ng ngang h\u00f4ng. \u00d0\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 32 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed1t, 80 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ef1 PAM. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t hoa sen tr\u1eafng, \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ef1 AH, t\u1eeb ch\u1eef AH xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t v\u00e0nh tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n, \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f3 ch\u1eef HUM, ch\u1eef n\u00e0y t\u1eeb t\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kim cang ch\u00f9y 5 \u0111\u1ec9nh, v\u00e0 \u1edf gi\u1eeda ch\u00f9y kim cang n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef HUM. T\u1eeb ch\u1eef HUM n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t ra nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00e0o quang r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i thu tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 hai l\u1ea7n: l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0o quang n\u00e0y h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n ra mu\u00f4n ng\u00e0n tr\u00e2n ch\u00e2u qu\u00fd b\u00e1u c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t; l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0o quang n\u00e0y ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, kim cang ch\u00f9y bi\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh Vajrasattva nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea3 \u1edf tr\u00ean. Ch\u00e2n tr\u00e1i g\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i, b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00f9i ph\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i h\u01a1i du\u1ed7i xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi. \u1ede gi\u1eefa ng\u1ef1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0nh tr\u0103ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef HUM tr\u1eafng \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Vajrasattva c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ch\u00fa 100 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i 6 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ef1. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch: ho\u1eb7c theo chi\u1ec1u kim \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ho\u1eb7c quay tr\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean. Ri\u00eang trong ph\u00e9p qu\u00e1n n\u00e0y, ta ph\u1ea3i t\u1ee5ng 100.000 l\u1ea7n b\u00e0i ch\u00fa 100 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ef1, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp chung quanh v\u00e0nh tr\u0103ng theo chi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a kim \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

Sau khi qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, ta t\u1ee5ng: “Nam M\u00f4 Vajrasattva, con th\u00e0nh kh\u1ea9n xin ng\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0\u1edbng duy\u00ean v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u m\u00e0 con \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9”. Ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t l\u1ed3 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i (l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m).<\/p>\n

\u00d0i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, nh\u1edb t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m \u0103n n\u0103n. Th\u1ee9 hai, nguy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m. Th\u1ee9 ba, ghi nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 quy y, B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m, gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi… Th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p thanh l\u1ecdc, s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 Kim Cang qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean th\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc cam l\u1ed3 tr\u1eafng ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb ng\u00f3n ch\u00e2n c\u00e1i b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Vajrasattva, xu\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea3y kh\u1eafp to\u00e0n th\u00e2n ta. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng duy\u00ean, nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb t\u1ed1ng kh\u1ee9, v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u00e2n ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 cam l\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

N\u01b0\u1edbc cam l\u1ed3 n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ch\u1eef HUM v\u00e0 b\u00e0i ch\u00fa 100 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ef1 n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean v\u00e0nh tr\u1eafng \u1edf ng\u1ef1c Vajrasattva, ch\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o th\u00e2n ta.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ch\u00edn kh\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a ta, nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng duy\u00ean tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a \u0111en; b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, \u1ed1m \u0111au tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 m\u00e1u m\u1ee7; t\u00e0 ma, qu\u1ef7 \u1ebfm, nh\u01b0 r\u1eafn, b\u00f2 c\u1ea1p, nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 s\u00e2u b\u1ecd. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ea3y ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 th\u1ea5m xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd to\u00e0n th\u00e2n ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cam l\u1ed3 tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 h\u00e0o quang.<\/p>\n

Ta h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Vajrasattva \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111ang l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 thanh l\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 ta.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0i l\u00f2ng, v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 (Vajrasattva) bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh h\u00e0o quang (r\u1ed3i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ta), v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd c\u1ee7a ta v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Vajrasattva nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00fac n\u00e0y th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y k\u1ebft th\u00fac ph\u1ea7n d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp th\u1ee9 hai: qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 Vajrasattva v\u00e0 tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng th\u1ea7n ch\u00fa.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

[1] S\u00e1ch T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i “gi\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c” \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1i t\u00e2m. V\u00ec theo c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Duy Th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u00e1n th\u00ec t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00f2ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c lu\u00f4n tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y<\/p>\n

[2] Vajrasattva: Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Kim Cang T\u00e1t \u00d0\u1ecfa, cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Kim Cang th\u1ea7n hay B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

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C\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vui l\u00f2ng hay l\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 tr\u00ean, n\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u00f2ng d\u00e2ng hi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n cho s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c b\u1eadc Th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 ng\u00f4i Tam B\u1ea3o; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng gi\u00fap cho ta g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c. Khi ta gieo nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u00ednh ta s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng. S\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00f4i Tam B\u1ea3o c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i thi\u00ean cung, n\u01a1i c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, H\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u m\u1eabu th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean tranh \u1ea3nh (thangka). Ri\u00eang M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La d\u00f9ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n ph\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n, g\u1ea1o, h\u1ea1t c\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c ng\u1ecdc b\u00e1u, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. \u1ede trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0 v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 (d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng Vajradhara), ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7n Linh Qu\u00e1n [1], b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u1eb1ng sau l\u00e0 tam t\u1ea1ng gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 b\u00ean tr\u00e1i l\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 T\u0103ng Gi\u00e0. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo ta c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 t\u1ee5ng l\u00ean b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

D\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i d\u0129a b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La (v\u1eadt c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng). M\u1ed9t tay c\u1ea7m d\u0129a, tay kia lau m\u1eb7t d\u0129a v\u00e0 t\u1ee5ng b\u00e0i ch\u00fa 100 ch\u1eef c\u1ee7a Vajrasattva \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y tr\u1eeb m\u1ecdi l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c. Sau \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1ecf m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc (trong v\u00e0 th\u01a1m) l\u00ean tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i bi. Ti\u1ebfp theo, \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i v\u00f2ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00ean m\u1eb7t d\u0129a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t g\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1eadu, v.v…, \u1edf b\u1ed1n g\u00f3c m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i h\u1ea1t kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u1ecdc b\u00e1u [2]; sau khi \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7y v\u00f2ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f2ng nh\u1ecf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean v\u00f2ng n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Trong l\u00fac c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, ta \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00ean b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. \u00d0\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u00fd c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1eadt m\u00e0 ta c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho to\u00e0n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 trong gi\u00e1o l\u00fd A T\u1ef3 \u00d0\u00e0m (Abhidharma).<\/p>\n

V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau, tu\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, v\u00ec c\u0103n c\u01a1 v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a th\u00ednh ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u00ean khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau. Ri\u00eang theo s\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng hu\u1ef3nh kim, chung quanh bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n m\u1eb7n. B\u00ean trong b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng, \u1edf b\u1ed1n g\u00f3c c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n ch\u00e2u (l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba), m\u1ed7i ch\u00e2u l\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1eeb m\u1ed7i ch\u00e2u ti\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 b\u1ea3y v\u00f2ng \u0111ai xen k\u1ebd v\u1edbi b\u1ea3y n\u00fai v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3y h\u1ed3 thanh l\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u1ede trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 n\u00fai Tu Di (Sum\u00e9ru), h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eedu th\u00e1p (stupa) b\u1ed1n t\u1ea7ng. M\u1eb7t n\u00fai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ng\u1ecdc pha l\u00ea tr\u1eafng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nam b\u1eb1ng ng\u1ecdc l\u01b0u ly, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng ng\u1ecdc h\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eafc b\u1eb1ng ng\u1ecdc b\u00edch. B\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n \u1edf b\u1ed1n ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ec1u mang c\u00f9ng m\u00e0u t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u1ecdc n\u00fai. L\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba (ch\u00e2u) ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh b\u00e1n nguy\u1ec7t, m\u1eb7t th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n n\u00fai Tu Di, l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nam h\u00ecnh thang, l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eafc h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf thu\u1ed9c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nam (Nam Thi\u1ec7n B\u1ed9 Ch\u00e2u), bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi m\u00e0u xanh l\u01a1. Nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2u c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i (\u0111\u00f4ng, t\u00e2y, b\u1eafc), ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0u bay hay phi thuy\u1ec1n, tr\u1eeb khi ta t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh \u1edf \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 m\u00e0 ta ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i 100.000 l\u1ea7n trong l\u00fac th\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0: “H\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f5i T\u1ecbnh \u00d0\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, con xin c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La n\u00e0y, l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng hoa, d\u1ea7u th\u01a1m, tr\u1ea7m h\u01b0\u01a1ng, trang ho\u00e0ng v\u1edbi n\u00fai Tu Di, t\u1ee9 ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 nh\u1eadt nguy\u1ec7t. Nguy\u1ec7n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00f5i T\u1ecbnh \u00d0\u1ed9.”<\/p>\n

B\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, ta s\u1ebd t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai th\u1ee9: ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

Sau khi c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng xong, qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t trong M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, tan bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh h\u00e0o quang v\u00e0 th\u1ea5m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ta.<\/p>\n

C\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u00fap ta g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, ta ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu lu\u00f4n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, t\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00fang v\u00e0 s\u1edf c\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. T\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u H\u00f3a th\u00e2n (Nirmanakaya) v\u00e0 B\u00e1o th\u00e2n (Sambhogakaya). Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh tu h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi, gieo t\u1ea1o c\u0103n l\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u00f3a th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt. Ri\u00eang B\u00e1o th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng (Sunyata) m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u00edch t\u1ee5 Tr\u00ed Hu\u1ec7 (B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3) d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t Th\u1ec3 T\u00e1nh th\u00e2n (Svabhavakaya) v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n (Dharmakaya). Theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u1eadp lu\u1eadn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec Th\u1ec3 T\u00e1nh th\u00e2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, c\u00f2n Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng t\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t d\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ba th\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean. \u1edf v\u00e0i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a hai th\u00e2n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n l\u00e0 hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ph\u1ea7n d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp th\u1ee9 ba: c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

[1] Divinit\u00e9 de m\u00e9ditation (Yidam): t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t H\u1ed9 Th\u1ea7n, H\u1ed9 M\u1ea1ng, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ea7n Linh Th\u1ee7 H\u1ed9. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

[2] Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u1ecdc b\u00e1u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 thi\u1ec7t. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 trang s\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a hay \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 Du Gi\u00e0<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp ch\u00f3t nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gia h\u1ed9 hay ban ph\u00e9p l\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 Guru Yoga.<\/p>\n

\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ta ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng ta d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Th\u1ea7n Linh Qu\u00e1n (divinit\u00e9 de m\u00e9ditation).<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 (Lama racine) hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Th\u1ea7n Linh Qu\u00e1n. Sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a gi\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n (lignage) ng\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf l\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Vajradhara \u0111\u1ec1u ng\u1ed3i theo m\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c chung quanh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0. Ti\u1ebfp theo ta h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh kh\u1ea9n, t\u00f4n k\u00ednh ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt v\u00f4 bi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Khi l\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh kh\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ta t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng, h\u00e3y gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, ch\u01b0 Th\u1ea7n Dakas, Dakanis, H\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p, H\u1ed9 M\u1ea1ng, ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u tan nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0. V\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i Th\u1ea7n Linh Qu\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Guru-yoga. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng Vajradhara, Marpa, Milar\u00e9pa, Gampopa, Karmapa, v.v…<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i Kinh “Th\u1ea5t Nguy\u1ec7n” (Septuple Puja).<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i Kinh Th\u1ea5t Nguy\u1ec7n g\u1ed3m: 1) L\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y, 2) C\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, 3) S\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, 4) T\u00f9y h\u1ef7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, 5) Th\u1ec9nh qu\u00fd Th\u1ea7y gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p, 6) Th\u1ec9nh qu\u00fd Th\u1ea7y tr\u1ee5 th\u1ebf, 7) H\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a Tam B\u1ea3o, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 t\u00e2m B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau: “T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh (l\u00e0 cha m\u1eb9 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9) s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, xin h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a tam th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt, h\u00e3y t\u1eeb bi …”.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n tr\u00ean d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Tam B\u1ea3o. Th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho T\u0103ng Gi\u00e0, l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt. Th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Tam B\u1ea3o v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c tam th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt. B\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp \u0111i l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i 100.000 l\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng t\u1ee5ng th\u00eam b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 s\u00e1u c\u00e2u c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Karmapa \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u l\u1ea7n b\u00e0i ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i: “Con th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0i, v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y t\u00f4n k\u00ednh. Xin ng\u00e0i gia h\u1ed9 cho con khi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n

1) T\u00e2m con kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ea5p ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i “Ta th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng”.
\n2) Gi\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf gian \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u1ea3o \u1ea3nh.
\n3) T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd ngh\u0129 tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u ng\u01b0ng kh\u1edfi.
\n4) Con hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed5n t\u00e2m v\u1ed1n b\u1ea5t sanh (di\u1ec7t).
\n5) T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn sai l\u1ea7m (nh\u1ecb bi\u00ean) \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u00eau tan.
\n6) Con th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n.”<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y (Lama) tan nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ta. Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 T\u00e2m ta tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t, kh\u00f4ng hai, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c. H\u00e3y tr\u1ee5 trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0ng l\u00e2u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

Sau khi t\u1ee5ng ch\u00fa xong, qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 \u0111ang truy\u1ec1n cho ta b\u1ed1n ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1o M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o (initiations tantriques):<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft t\u1eeb tr\u00e1n v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0o quang tr\u1eafng ph\u00f3ng ra bay v\u00e0o tr\u00e1n ta, t\u1ea9y tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o thu\u1ed9c th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi, gi\u00fap ta tu t\u1eadp c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 gieo nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u Ho\u00e1 th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb c\u1ed5 v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0o quang \u0111\u1ecf ph\u00f3ng ra bay v\u00e0o c\u1ed5 ta, t\u1ea9y tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o thu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1o b\u00ed m\u1eadt, gi\u00fap ta qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p d\u1eabn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed l\u1ef1c vi t\u1ebf trong th\u00e2n v\u00e0 gieo nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed c\u1ee7a B\u00e1o th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb tim v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0o quang xanh l\u01a1 ph\u00f3ng ra bay v\u00e0o tim ta, t\u1ea9y tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o thu\u1ed9c \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7, gi\u00fap ta ti\u1ebfn tu c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p si\u00eau nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 gieo nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u1ea3 ba h\u00e0o quang tr\u1eafng, \u0111\u1ecf, xanh t\u1eeb ba n\u01a1i tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00f3ng ra bay v\u00e0o tr\u00e1n, c\u1ed5, v\u00e0 tim ta, t\u1ea9y tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a ba nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1o linh \u00e2m t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng, gi\u00fap ta th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n, hay giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 gieo nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

Sau l\u1ec5 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i tan nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u1ecb B\u1ed5n S\u01b0, v\u00e0 v\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u0169ng tan nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ta.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y tr\u1ee5 trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y. Sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ea7u cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh s\u1edbm mau gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ta s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 gia tr\u00ec, \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5, khi\u1ebfn ta s\u1edbm th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y k\u1ebft th\u00fac ph\u1ea7n d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Kim Cang th\u1eeba: B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 Du Gi\u00e0.<\/p>\n

V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec t\u00e2m s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 d\u00ednh m\u1eafc cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m c\u00f2n d\u00ednh m\u1eafc th\u00ec c\u00f2n sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i. “S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda, n\u00f3 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ecfng manh nh\u01b0 h\u00f2n b\u1ecdt tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ee1 tan d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u01a1n gi\u00f3 nh\u1eb9. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p l\u1ea1 cho ch\u00fang ta, sau khi th\u1edf ra l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00edt v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t h\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 sau khi ng\u1ee7 d\u1eady, th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng.” (Nagarjuna, Suhrillekla).<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean gi\u1ea3 h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i c\u0169ng v\u1eady. Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc khi n\u00e0o ta s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, khi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u c\u1ee9u v\u1edbi ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. N\u1ebfu l\u00fac c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng, ta t\u1ef1 th\u1ea3 tr\u00f4i theo gi\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi, b\u00e1m v\u00edu v\u00e0o d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi, th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111au kh\u1ed5. V\u1eady ta h\u00e3y ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft m\u1ed7i khi t\u00e2m ta ch\u1ea1y theo ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c (t\u00e0i, s\u1eafc, danh, th\u1ef1c, th\u00f9y).<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu do nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, sinh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3 h\u1ee3p. M\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn h\u00f4m nay, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eau tan th\u00e0nh c\u00e1t b\u1ee5i ng\u00e0y mai. S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ta l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng mong manh v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 m\u1ea5t h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Kh\u00f4ng ai d\u00e1m qu\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng ng\u00e0y mai, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec ngay c\u1ea3 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, b\u00e0 con, b\u00e1c s\u0129, thu\u1ed1c thang, ti\u1ec1n t\u00e0i, danh v\u1ecdng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tu h\u00e0nh theo Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. N\u1ebfu s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft ch\u1ebft b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n, v\u00ec bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n, ta s\u1ebd t\u00e1i sinh n\u01a1i nh\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u1ea1i d\u1ed9t ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n nh\u1eefng th\u00fa vui th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho ta h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1eaft b\u1ecb thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 coi ta h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a con thi\u00eau th\u00e2n lao m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o l\u1eeda, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec \u01b0a th\u00edch \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. V\u1ec1 kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c c\u0169ng v\u1eady, h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng con ong b\u1ecb nu\u1ed1t s\u1ed1ng b\u1edfi c\u00e2y th\u1eb1ng th\u1ea3o, v\u00ec \u01b0a m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng; nh\u1eefng con ru\u1ed3i b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft ng\u1ed9p trong h\u1ea7m ph\u1ea9n v\u00ec \u01b0a th\u00edch ph\u00e2n u\u1ebf; nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1 b\u1ecb m\u1eafc c\u00e2u v\u00ec ham mi\u1ebfng m\u1ed3i ngon.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean s\u1ebd gi\u00fap t\u00e2m nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n, l\u00eca b\u1ecf d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed5 \u0111au.<\/p>\n

\u00dd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 gi\u1edd ph\u00fat n\u00e0o, s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ta tu h\u00e0nh tinh t\u1ea5n. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n v\u00e0 y ph\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean t\u1eed t\u1ed9i, s\u1eafp b\u1ecb \u0111em ra ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u00ecn b\u1eefa \u0103n v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i, bao nhi\u00eau b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111i? H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111i th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd x\u00e1c th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i g\u00ec? Ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecd xong r\u1ed3i ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd chung s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn. L\u00e0m sao kh\u1edfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang b\u1ecb t\u00ean \u0111ao ph\u1ee7 l\u00f4i ra ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Khi t\u00e2m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt th\u1ebf gian, h\u00e3y gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp th\u1ee9 n\u0103m: qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e9p qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ta bi quan ch\u00e1n \u0111\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu r\u1eb1ng: “T\u00f4i s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u1ea3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3!”, \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111au kh\u1ed5, lo \u00e2u. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean l\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ta tu h\u00e0nh tinh t\u1ea5n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o hay lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh \u0111\u1eddi sau. Sau n\u1eefa, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o luy\u1ec7n cho ta t\u00e1nh d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 n\u01a1i sa tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

“X\u01b0a kia, ta \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat lui v\u00e0o n\u00fai \u1ea9n tu, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ta qu\u00e1 s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn, ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i n\u1eefa, v\u00ec ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m [1].” (Djetsun Milar\u00e9pa)<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

[1] V\u00e9ritable nature de l\u2019esprit: d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh hay ch\u00e2n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Th\u1ef1c ra t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng \u0111a s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng cho t\u00e2m l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo ta c\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o th\u00ec ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea5y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 t\u00e1c t\u1ef1 th\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea1m m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1i sinh trong ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng \u0111au kh\u1ed5. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi tam \u0111\u1ed9c, t\u00f9y theo n\u1eb7ng, trung b\u00ecnh, nh\u1eb9, s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1i sinh n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7, ho\u1eb7c s\u00fac sinh. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, t\u00f9y theo l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u, v\u1eeba hay \u00edt, s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1i sinh n\u01a1i c\u00f5i V\u00f4 S\u1eafc, S\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi D\u1ee5c Gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 ta ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t (nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qua) ba nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd.<\/p>\n

Theo lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec s\u1ef1 an vui h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ec7n hay nghi\u1ec7p “tr\u1eafng” (b\u1ea1ch nghi\u1ec7p), v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u \u00e1c hay nghi\u1ec7p “\u0111en” (h\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7p). Do \u0111\u00f3 ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u \u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ea1nh l\u00e0nh n\u1ebfu ta mu\u1ed1n \u0111em l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho ch\u00ednh ta v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

M\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m ba \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n, b\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 ba c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u00fd. Ba \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n l\u00e0: s\u00e1t sinh, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp, t\u00e0 d\u00e2m. B\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c l\u1eddi n\u00f3i l\u00e0: n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i, n\u00f3i l\u1eddi chia r\u1ebd, n\u00f3i l\u1eddi d\u1ee5 d\u1ed7 v\u00e0 m\u1eafng ch\u1eedi. Ba \u0111i\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c t\u00e2m \u00fd l\u00e0: tham mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00f2ng s\u00e2n h\u1eadn, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p ch\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn (\u00fd ngh\u0129 sai l\u1ea7m) nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng tin lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n. Song le, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n h\u1ea3o sau \u0111\u00e2y: c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng sinh v\u1eadt; b\u1ed1 th\u00ed; gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 khuy\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi; n\u00f3i l\u1eddi ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt; n\u00f3i l\u1eddi ho\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i; \u0111em l\u1ea1i tin y\u00eau; n\u00f3i l\u1eddi \u00eam d\u1ecbu; \u00edt mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7; nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi; gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb b\u1ecf s\u00e1t sinh, c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecd; ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i th\u00ec m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt. Qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed1 th\u00ed s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e0u c\u00f3; tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5, n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t. Gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi thanh t\u1ecbnh th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1ng, an vui h\u00f2a thu\u1eadn v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng; ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi, t\u00e0 d\u00e2m, th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd b\u1ea1c nh\u01b0\u1ee3c, gia \u0111\u00ecnh tan r\u00e3. N\u00f3i l\u1eddi ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin c\u1eady; n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i \u0111em l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t t\u00edn. N\u00f3i l\u1eddi h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i th\u00ec b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n th\u1eafm thi\u1ebft; n\u00f3i l\u1eddi chia r\u1ebd g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebb th\u00f9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ganh gh\u00e9t. N\u00f3i l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn, kh\u00f4ng \u1ef7 ng\u1eef s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1eefu \u00edch; n\u00f3i x\u00e0m hay d\u1ee5 d\u1ed7 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb nghe l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ea9m c\u1ea9m v\u00f4 \u00edch. N\u00f3i l\u1eddi \u00eam d\u1ecbu s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh m\u1ebfn; n\u00f3i l\u1eddi hung d\u1eef s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1eafng ch\u1eedi.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 m\u00e3n kh\u00f4ng tham lam, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd c\u1ee5 t\u00fac. N\u1ebfu lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n d\u00f2m ng\u00f3, ham mu\u1ed1n v\u1eadt s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n. C\u00f3 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed t\u1eed t\u1ebf v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed t\u1ec7 b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nghi ng\u1edd. Gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh th\u00ec th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u1ea5p ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft sai l\u1ea7m th\u00ec t\u00e2m tr\u00ed s\u1ebd nh\u1ecf h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 ngu \u0111\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y k\u1ec3 s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng (nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e2n). C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e1n bi\u1ebft nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi ki\u00eau m\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1i sinh trong lo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi; lo\u00e0i A Tu La b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ganh t\u1ef5; lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ham d\u1ee5c; lo\u00e0i s\u00fac sinh b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 u m\u00ea; lo\u00e0i qu\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f3i b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 keo ki\u1ec7t v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 \u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

Sau khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o, ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00e0i d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u.<\/p>\n

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S\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i, ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 sang t\u00e2m nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n n\u00f3. C\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n m\u1edbi n\u00f4n n\u00f3ng t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. C\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec d\u00f9 c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc r\u1ed9ng bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u (kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n) c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea7n l\u1ef1a qua ng\u00e0y, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u00f4i l\u0103n trong sanh t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sanh trong l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1o. Ch\u00fang sanh \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1, thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t; ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t; s\u00fac sinh b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp, nu\u1ed1t x\u00e9; lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i sinh, gi\u00e0, b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ebft; A Tu La lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n chi\u1ebfn tranh; lo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi th\u00ec \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn v\u00e0 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i l\u00fac m\u1ea1ng chung.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta, d\u00f9 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 hay sung s\u01b0\u1edbng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5, v\u00ec n\u1eb1m trong “kh\u1ed5 kh\u1ed5”, “h\u00e0nh kh\u1ed5” v\u00e0 “ho\u1ea1i kh\u1ed5”. D\u00f9 t\u00e1i sanh l\u00e0m Chuy\u1ec3n Lu\u00e2n Th\u00e1nh V\u01b0\u01a1ng (Cakravartin), Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean (Brahma) hay \u00d0\u1ebf th\u00edch (Indra), v.v…, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi ba c\u00e1i kh\u1ed5 tr\u00ean. \u00dd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tin ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng sinh t\u1eed, lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c chi ng\u1ee5c t\u00f9, h\u1ea7m l\u1eeda, v\u1ef1c s\u00e2u, ta ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00e2n t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u ngay t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i \u0111au kh\u1ed5: kh\u1ed5 kh\u1ed5, h\u00e0nh kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1i kh\u1ed5. Kh\u1ed5 kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (kh\u1ed5 trong c\u00e1i kh\u1ed5) nh\u01b0 b\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1n, gi\u00e0 y\u1ebfu, v.v… C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 sung s\u01b0\u1edbng, nh\u01b0ng gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat sau li\u1ec1n \u0111em l\u1ea1i \u0111au kh\u1ed5: m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa y\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7c linh \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i \u0111au b\u1ee5ng hay b\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t ph\u00fat kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c nh\u1ee5c d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi. \u00d0\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh kh\u1ed5, s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu, ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng hay bi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh (Aryas) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y thanh t\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 ban ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ho\u1ea1i kh\u1ed5. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean gi\u1ea3 h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 c\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang b\u1ecb t\u00e0n ho\u1ea1i trong t\u1eebng gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat, t\u1eebng s\u00e1t na.<\/p>\n

Sau khi qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, ta l\u00e0m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean s\u1ef1 nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111au kh\u1ed5. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng (Vacuit\u00e9) s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed (omniscience) th\u00ec ta ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn xa h\u01a1n. Ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 sanh t\u00e2m nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, ta c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1. \u00dd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu \u0111au kh\u1ed5, mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, n\u00ean ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3 [1] \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecd. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn Ch\u00e1nh \u00d0\u1eb3ng Ch\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y: qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

[1] C\u00e1c s\u00e1ch \u00c2u M\u1ef9 khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 hay th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef Etat de Buddha, v\u00ec ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m linh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

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\u00d0\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n hy h\u1eefu<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta tu h\u00e0nh, t\u1ee5ng kinh, ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 nh\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00fd b\u00e1u. Tuy v\u1eady \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i h\u1edd h\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd, th\u1ea3 tr\u00f4i theo tr\u1ee5y l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng. N\u1ebfu ng\u00e0y mai th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00eca b\u1ecf x\u00e1c th\u00e2n ra \u0111i v\u1edbi hai b\u00e0n tay tr\u1eafng, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ta s\u1ebd ra sao? Ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n hy h\u1eefu, v\u00ec r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 m\u1ea5t. Do \u0111\u00f3 ta \u0111\u1eebng ph\u00ed ph\u1ea1m ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd, h\u00e3y d\u00e0nh tr\u1ecdn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 tu h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n. Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady thu\u1ed9c b\u00e0i d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ee5c c\u0103n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 v\u00e0 qu\u00fd gi\u00e1. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 d\u1eabn ta \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn ta \u0111\u1ea7u thai \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh kh\u1ed5. T\u00e1i sanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean do nh\u1edd \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n. T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 B\u00ecnh Thi\u00ean (Santid\u00e9va) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “Th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c chi vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t con r\u00f9a m\u00f9 s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n, 100 n\u0103m m\u1edbi tr\u1ed3i l\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 chui c\u1ed5 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i v\u00f2ng v\u00e0ng, m\u00e0 gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i l\u00eanh \u0111\u00eanh tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n”. Trong th\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean, con r\u00f9a t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng ch\u00fang sinh, m\u00f9 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh, \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng trong ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ed5, tr\u1ed3i l\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh, v\u00f2ng v\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i v\u00f2ng tr\u00f4i l\u00eanh \u0111\u00eanh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 gi\u00f3 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng khan hi\u1ebfm. Trong Kinh s\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang sinh \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 c\u00e1t trong sa m\u1ea1c, s\u1ed1 ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, s\u1ed1 th\u00fa v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i sao tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi ban \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i sao th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban ng\u00e0\u1ef5. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 th\u00fa v\u1eadt, c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 vi tr\u00f9ng \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi, qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm, v\u00e0 trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tu t\u1eadp Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1i \u00edt h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n. Do v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eebng n\u00ean ph\u00ed ph\u1ea1m; c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm, qu\u00e1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. Ta \u0111\u1eebng n\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i bu\u00f4n ra bi\u1ec3n t\u00ecm kho t\u00e0ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tay kh\u00f4ng. H\u00e3y t\u1eeb b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c ph\u00f9 du, tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ea1t h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, v\u0129nh c\u1eedu.<\/p>\n

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B\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/p>\n

Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ghi nh\u1edb trong t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 sanh t\u00e2m nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n. Ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. D\u1ee9t b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o, t\u00f9y theo c\u0103n c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. Do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n m\u00ecnh \u0111ang tu t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o hy v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 lo \u00e2u nh\u01b0 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: “N\u1ebfu ta thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, ho\u1eb7c trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, th\u00ec ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec th\u1eadt x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5, v.v…”.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea0I TH\u1ee6 \u1ea4N
\n(Mahamudra<\/em>)
\nOuang Tchuk Dorj\u00e9
\nTh\u00edch Tr\u00ed Si\u00eau d\u1ecbch<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG II<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n

T\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m hai ph\u1ea7n: an tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m hay Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh (Samatha, Shin\u00e9) v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu th\u00e2m s\u00e2u hay Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n (Vipasyana, Lhagtong).<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m (Samadhi, Ting Dzin). N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean n\u1eefa, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y [1] v\u00e0 \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u tu t\u1eadp, ng\u1ed3i x\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng theo t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ki\u1ebft gi\u00e0 (vajra) ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n gi\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c [2] \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng. \u00d0\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o s\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o trung \u01b0\u01a1ng [3] th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng th\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5. \u00d0\u1ec3 \u0111em nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o trung \u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec \u0111?t hai b\u00e0n tay ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u00fan theo \u1ea5n \u00d0\u1ea1i \u00d0\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 th\u1ea3 nh\u1eb9 hai vai v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda sau. \u00d0\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n lu\u1ed3ng thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 trung \u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec gi\u1eef c\u1ed5 th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 thu c\u1eb1m v\u00e0o nh\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u00e2u. \u00d0\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng thu\u1ed9c phong \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 trung \u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec gi\u1eef m\u1eaft kh\u00e9p h\u1edd m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba, ch\u00fa v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ecdc theo s\u1ed1ng m\u0169i. M\u00f4i v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u1ee5ng \u1ed5 g\u00e0. T\u01b0 th\u1ebf tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf Vairocana.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m hay an tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an l\u1ea1c ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi nh\u1edd t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, sau khi h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i: t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m, nghi ng\u1edd, m\u1ecfi m\u1ec7t, m\u1edd \u00e1m.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch tu t\u1eadp: ho\u1eb7c tr\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c suy t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd nh\u01b0 T\u1ee9 Di\u1ec7u \u00d0\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o “t\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m”. T\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111ang qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u1ea7m ngh\u0129 “v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m” l\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i tr\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 g\u00ec h\u1ebft, v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

Theo gi\u00e1o l\u00fd M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng (Tantra), t\u00e2m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c li\u00ean quan r\u1ea5t m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c (prana, lung) tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec t\u00e2m s\u1ebd v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng; nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ch\u1ea3y sai tr\u1ec7ch th\u00ec v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean lo\u1ea1n x\u1ea1. Nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y trong c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u1ef1c hay kinh l\u1ef1c (nadi, tsa); trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kinh gi\u1eefa (s\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o trung \u01b0\u01a1ng), m\u1ed9t \u1edf b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00e1i, c\u1ea3 ba ch\u1ea1y song song ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 di chuy\u1ec3n trong hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kinh ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m kh\u01a1i d\u1eady v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m, \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng. M\u1ed9t khi nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o trung \u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec m\u1ecdi v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m t\u1ef1 d\u1ee9t. Ng\u1ed3i trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf Vairocana kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c. Theo s\u00e1u ph\u00e9p Du Gi\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Naropa [4] th\u00ec c\u00f3 n\u0103m lu\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c: 1) lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng, nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1ng kh\u1ee9 ra ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng u\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1ee3c qua hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i ti\u1ec3u ti\u1ec7n; 2) lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i l\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 th\u1ee9c \u0103n, s\u1ef1 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng v\u00e0 gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i; 3) lu\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eef s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng (sinh l\u1ef1c); 4) lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a; 5) lu\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea1y kh\u1eafp ch\u00e2u th\u00e2n, t\u00e0ng \u1ea9n trong m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea1i, th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ea1i, h\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ea1i, phong \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Trong t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, c\u1ea3 hai c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf Vairocana v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

Sau khi an tr\u1ee5 \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, t\u00e2m b\u1edbt d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o gi\u00f2ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00f4 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n. \u00d0\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng hay v\u1eadn c\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft h\u00e3y th\u1edf ra v\u00e0i h\u01a1i m\u1ea1nh r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n h\u00edt th\u1edf nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Khi th\u1edf ra h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang t\u1ed1ng kh\u1ee9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 h\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7p ra ngo\u00e0i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eadp h\u00edt th\u1edf trong ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 khi t\u00e2m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa t\u00e2m theo d\u00f5i h\u01a1i th\u1edf n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7m hay nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1m v\u00edu ho\u1eb7c xua \u0111u\u1ed5i, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m, n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tinh t\u1ea5n th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

[] Danh t\u1eeb th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh.
\n[2]<\/sup> Courants d\u2019\u00e9nergie: c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00ed l\u1ef1c.
\n[3]<\/sup> Canal central d\u2019\u00e9nergie: kinh l\u1ef1c trung \u01b0\u01a1ng.
\n[4]<\/sup> Six Yogas de Naropa<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111em t\u00e2m tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00fac g\u1ed7, h\u00f2n s\u1ecfi, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda, v.v… nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt n\u00e0o t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc hay h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd gi\u1eef t\u00e2m an tr\u00fa v\u00e0o v\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng hay th\u1ea3 l\u1ecfng. Ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1i bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m qu\u00e1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y lo \u00e2u v\u00e0 t\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i; n\u1ebfu th\u1ea3 l\u1ecfng th\u00ec l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 m\u1edd \u00e1m. \u00d0i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00ean gi\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng c\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1ecfng th\u00ec \u0111\u00e0n m\u1edbi k\u00eau.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00fa t\u00e2m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n s\u1ecfi n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y ly n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee5c. H\u00f2n s\u1ecfi s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng sau khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u00f9n nh\u01a1 l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, khi nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng, ta s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp nh\u00ecn h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf, kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn hay suy ngh\u0129 [1].<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ch\u00fa t\u00e2m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi \u00fd ngh\u0129 hay kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m th\u00ec t\u1ed1t. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng theo, v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi t\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd m\u00f3c n\u1ed1i l\u00e0m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n \u00fd ni\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c g\u00e2y ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i cho s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp. Nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ee3t kh\u1edfi r\u1ed3i t\u1ef1 tan bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ef1 OM m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, AH \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 HUM xanh, vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng trong t\u00e2m. Ba ch\u1eef tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Trong l\u00fac tu t\u1eadp, nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 “Ta \u0111ang thi\u1ec1n, ta kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec1n, ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m cho t\u00e2m y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng, …”, \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e2m an tr\u00fa v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c. H\u00e3y th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3a ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y t\u00e2m s\u1ebd tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

[1] Bavardage ou commentaire mental: th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eefng v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m trong t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c 2 lo\u1ea1i: suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng. Suy ngh\u0129 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n trong t\u00e2m (bavardage mental). \u1ea2o t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n trong t\u00e2m (cin\u00e9ma mental).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n

Sau khi t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0: \u00e2m thanh, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c; m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c; m\u00f9i v\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c; s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh, ta c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m, ghi nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1ed1t, x\u1ea5u, \u01b0a, gh\u00e9t, v.v…<\/p>\n

\u1ede trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu n\u01a1i ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n b\u1ed7ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eb7n nh\u1ea1c, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 nghe m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi x\u00e9t \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00e2m thanh g\u00ec. V\u1ec1 x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m hay m\u00f9i v\u1ecb c\u0169ng v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

Khi t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c an tr\u00fa v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ta n\u00ean ng\u01b0ng ngh\u1ec9 bu\u1ed5i t\u1eadp trong l\u00fac t\u00e2m c\u00f2n s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi. Trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u01b0ng t\u1eadp ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c th\u1eddi kh\u00f3a \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m, d\u00f9 \u0111i \u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb1m, ng\u1ed3i hay n\u00f3i, n\u00edn, \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ecbnh; c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m suy t\u01b0, x\u00ec x\u00e0o trong t\u00e2m. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu \u00f4m nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eddi, t\u00e2m s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu \u00e9p t\u00e2m th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n<\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf ngay gi\u1eefa tr\u00e1n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00f2n nh\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, t\u1ecfa \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. \u00d0\u00f4i khi qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean m\u00e0u \u0111en, c\u0169ng t\u1ecfa \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0ng n\u1eb1m ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i. \u00d0\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m, h\u00e3y ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1eafng, th\u00e2n ng\u1ed3i n\u01a1i tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed, r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, l\u00e2u l\u00e2u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1t lau m\u1eb7t. N\u00ean m\u1eb7t y ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eb9 m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 \u0103n \u0111\u1ed3 d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau; kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ng\u1ed3i ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3ng, g\u1ea7n l\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, t\u00e2m d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea1y kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i kh\u1eafp ch\u1ed1n, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111en. Th\u00e2n n\u00ean ng\u1ed3i ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3ng \u1ea5m, hay t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0103n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1ed5, l\u00e2u ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n

H\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t cho s\u1ef1 tu thi\u1ec1n. H\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m khi\u1ebfn cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1edd \u0111\u1eabn. M\u00e0u tr\u1eafng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m; ban \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng v\u1ea3i tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i khi h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m th\u00ec ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu ng\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i n\u00f3ng b\u1ee9c s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb bu\u1ed3n ng\u1ee7, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3i n\u01a1i m\u00e1t m\u1ebb v\u00e0 tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed. S\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m. \u0102n nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n nh\u1eb9 d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau s\u1ebd gi\u00fap t\u00e2m tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u00f4i k\u00e9o t\u00e2m ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu. Ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111en ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ebd h\u00e3m t\u00e2m l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u00e0u \u0111en c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. B\u1ecb t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c qu\u00e1 nhanh nh\u1eb9, d\u00f9ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n b\u1ed5 v\u00e0 l\u00e2u ti\u00eau s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ea3y ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e2m b\u1edbt ph\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n tu t\u1eadp d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, v\u00ec gi\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ea3y tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c qua c\u00e1c s\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n vi t\u1ebf [1]. \u00d0i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a th\u00e2n (th\u00f4 k\u1ec7ch) c\u0169ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y n\u00ean ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9 trong l\u00fac t\u00e2m c\u00f2n s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i sau. N\u00ean chia s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi kh\u00f3a ng\u1eafn nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

[1] Corps subtil: theo M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 2 th\u00e2n: th\u00e2n th\u00f4 k\u1ec7ch (corps grossier) b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecbt b\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 th\u00e2n vi t\u1ebf (corps subtil) c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u00e1c kinh l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n tu t\u1eadp n\u00e0y h\u00e3y m\u1edf m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean. Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 t\u1eadp cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trung \u1ea5m (bardo) v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n. Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho t\u00e2m tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, m\u01a1 m\u01a1 m\u00e0ng m\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0 ngu nh\u01b0 ng\u00e2y. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, trong s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i hay v\u1ecb lai. H\u00e3y tr\u1ee5 trong t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a “b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y”. Lu\u00f4n t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o v\u00e0 ch\u0103m ch\u00fa qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 \u0111ang x\u1ecf m\u1ed9t m\u0169i kim nh\u1ecf. H\u1ea3y x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi hy v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 lo \u00e2u. Khi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng th\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng. Tho\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 h\u01a1i th\u1ea5t ni\u1ec7m xao l\u00e3ng th\u00ec \u00fd ni\u1ec7m s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i nhau kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u1edbi t\u1ea5p, g\u1eb7p tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y h\u00e3y t\u1eadp nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o ch\u00fang khi ch\u00fang v\u1eeba kh\u1edfi. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ngh\u0129 “ta ph\u1ea3i ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ch\u00fang”, ho\u1eb7c “ta \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ch\u00fang” v.v… h\u00e3y ghi nh\u1eadn ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ngay ch\u00fang l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t. C\u1ea9n th\u1eadn gi\u1eef t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cung kh\u00f4ng xao l\u00e3ng. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1edbi tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n, ta c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edbt. \u00d0\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng qua v\u00ec ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quay tr\u1edf v\u00e0o trong, bi\u1ebft nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hai. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o tu t\u1eadp tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 b\u1ed5n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u00fd ni\u1ec7m. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 hai (v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t) th\u00ec c\u00e1i b\u00e0n, c\u00e1i gh\u1ebf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u00e2m trong s\u00e1ng v\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t g\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u00ed nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng; h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

\u00dd ni\u1ec7m d\u1ea5y kh\u1edfi b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 l\u1ea7m qu\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u00fd ni\u1ec7m hay v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng: th\u00f4 v\u00e0 t\u1ebf. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi ta \u0111ang qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ly, b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean \u00fd ni\u1ec7m “mu\u1ed1n u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0” kh\u1edfi l\u00ean th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i ta li\u1ec1n g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i pha tr\u00e0 cho ta. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m th\u00f4, v\u00ec n\u00f3 d\u1eabn ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c. Nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 “\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ly, c\u00e1i ly n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng s\u00e0nh” ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t ch\u1ee3t ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u00e2m thanh thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m v\u00e0o c\u00e1i ly; \u0111\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i vi t\u1ebf. Ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi, ghi nh\u1edb ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tr\u00f2 huy\u1ec5n (\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed3) c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u00ednh m\u1eafc, c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang t\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi t\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m tr\u00ean h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m v\u00e0o h\u01a1i th\u1edf. H\u00e3y \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c h\u01a1i th\u1edf theo c\u00e1ch “h\u00edt-th\u1edf-b\u00ecnh” (respiration-vase). N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eed l\u00e2u c\u00e1ch “h\u00edt-th\u1edf-b\u00ecnh” th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 “\u0111\u1ebfm-h\u01a1i-th\u1edf”. H\u00edt v\u00e0o th\u1edf ra \u0111\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 21 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn 100. C\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1eef ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian h\u00edt th\u1edf.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00e2m li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c hay kh\u00ed l\u1ef1c. H\u00edt th\u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn \u00fd ni\u1ec7m theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 d\u1ea5y kh\u1edfi. H\u00edt th\u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n th\u00ec t\u00e2m c\u0169ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00edt th\u1edf. C\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u01a1i th\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddI kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng hay k\u00edch th\u00edch. C\u00e1ch h\u00edt th\u1edf c\u1ee1 trung l\u00e0 h\u00edt v\u00e0o, gi\u1eef h\u01a1i l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat r\u1ed3i th\u1edf ra. C\u00e1ch h\u00edt-th\u1edf-b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 h\u00edt h\u01a1i v\u00e0o, h\u00f3p nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 v\u00f2ng (sphincter) v\u00e0 gi\u1eef h\u01a1i l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1ch h\u00edt th\u1edf n\u00e0y c\u0169ng chia l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i: \u0111\u1ea1i, ti\u1ec3u, n\u1ed9i, ngo\u1ea1i. \u00d0\u1ea1i: gi\u1eef h\u01a1i gi\u1eefa r\u00fan v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng; ti\u1ec3u: gi\u1eef h\u01a1i ngay r\u00fan; n\u1ed9i: h\u00edt v\u00e0o r\u1ed3i gi\u1eef \u1edf trong; ngo\u1ea1i: th\u1edf ra h\u1ebft r\u1ed3i n\u00edn h\u01a1i.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch h\u00edt-th\u1edf-b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 4 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh: 1) gi\u1eef h\u01a1i, 2) l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng th\u1edb g\u00e2n \u1edf b\u1ee5ng, 3) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn h\u01a1i kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c tr\u1edf v\u00e0o s\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, 4) sau khi gi\u1eef h\u01a1i th\u1eadt l\u00e2u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1ng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed l\u1ef1c ra ngo\u00e0i xuy\u00ean qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch h\u00edt-th\u1edf-b\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i tu t\u1eadp kh\u00f3 v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn, nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed l\u1ef1c s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y lo\u1ea1n x\u1ea1, sanh ra t\u1ed5n kh\u00ed, t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n c\u00e1u k\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1n tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Khi h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ebfn, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb \u1edf tr\u00ean. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt hay \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c m\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. V\u00ec c\u0103n c\u01a1 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau khi nghe gi\u1ea3ng hai, ba l\u1ea7n li\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 an tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng an tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y t\u1eebng tr\u1ea3i kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa nh\u1eefng kh\u00fac m\u1eafc v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i khi tu t\u1eadp. Tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n, ta s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i qua ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng hay \u00fd ni\u1ec7m th\u00f4 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed5. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai, v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m th\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n, l\u00e2u l\u00e2u m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng ta nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngay v\u00e0 n\u00f3 li\u1ec1n bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 gi\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ea1nh. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau c\u00f9ng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m th\u00f4, t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u tan bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ta an tr\u1ee5 trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb, nh\u01b0 s\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp bi\u1ec3n l\u1edbn. \u00d0\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gia c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3<\/p>\n

Sau th\u1eddi gian tu t\u1eadp m\u00e0 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 ba, ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m cho t\u00e2m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng r\u1ed3i th\u1ea3 l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 dung h\u00f2a c\u1ea3 hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. \u00d0\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng (khi t\u00e2m l\u01a1 l\u00e0 th\u1ea5t ni\u1ec7m) h\u00e3y ng\u1ed3i th\u1eb3ng l\u01b0ng, t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ngay ng\u1eafn, m\u1edf to m\u1eaft v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn h\u01a1i xa r\u1ed3i ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 tri gi\u00e1c. T\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c ch\u0103m ch\u00fa nh\u01b0 m\u00e8o r\u00ecnh chu\u1ed9t, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho t\u00e2m ph\u00f3ng \u0111i m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi kh\u00f3a ng\u1eafn. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m qu\u00e1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, h\u00e3y x\u1ea3 thi\u1ec1n, t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c hay l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eadp tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o v\u1eadt g\u00ec n\u1eefa c\u1ea3, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i Ta hay nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u lo \u00e2u. C\u1ee9 th\u1ebf t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m s\u1ebd tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec th\u00eam hay c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ea3. H\u00e3y tr\u1ee5 trong b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y ra ch\u1ea3 c\u00f2n g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng hay suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e3y t\u0103ng th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

Tho\u1ea1t khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi, ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n ch\u00fang, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n xua \u0111u\u1ed5i hay gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf. D\u00f9 t\u00e2m t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng hay lo\u1ea1n ni\u1ec7m c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng kh\u1edfi vui m\u1eebng hay ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n hay \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n \u00fd ni\u1ec7m. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n ch\u00fang, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u00d0\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e2m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u00fat v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129 hay kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m, t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n hay nghi ng\u1edd. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ed5 nh\u1ecdc tu t\u1eadp m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng nay tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y an nhi\u00ean t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i t\u1ef1a h\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eadn v\u00e0o g\u00ec n\u1eefa. Ngay c\u1ea3 l\u00fac x\u1ea3 thi\u1ec1n, d\u00f9 \u0111i hay \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con chim b\u1ed3 c\u00e2u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0, sau khi bay \u0111\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f2ng, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eadu l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean t\u00e0u. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh, d\u00f9 n\u00f3i n\u0103ng hay ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u00e2m s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n

D\u00f9 l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec \u0111i n\u1eefa t\u00e2m v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, chi\u1ebfu soi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef t\u00e2m v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc nh\u01b0 n\u00fai Tu Di, trong s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean n\u00f3ng n\u1ea3y hay t\u00f2 m\u00f2 v\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0m kh\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c \u00fd ni\u1ec7m. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o ch\u00fang. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u0169 n\u1eef xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u00faa may ca h\u00e1t, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ebfu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd. T\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng trong m\u1ecdi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y, ta s\u1ebd g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba \u0111i\u1ec1u: s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sanh nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n, thi\u00ean nh\u0129, tha t\u00e2m, v.v… \u00d0\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 cao c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m \u01b0a th\u00edch t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u hay d\u00ednh m\u1eafc, v\u00ec ch\u00fang ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh. D\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o ch\u00fang s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

Ba k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3: an l\u1ea1c, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ee3 duy\u00ean c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n ph\u00e1t sanh trong to\u00e0n t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong ba \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng \u00fd\u00a0th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1i sanh \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi: D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi n\u1ebfu \u01b0a an l\u1ea1c, S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi n\u1ebfu \u01b0a s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, V\u00f4 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi n\u1ebfu \u01b0a v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tu t\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y. C\u1ea3 Th\u1ea7y l\u1eabn tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh. \u00d0i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m b\u1ecb thu h\u00fat hay d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o d\u1ee5c v\u1eadt, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 k\u00ednh m\u1ebfn v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1u lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang sinh. Trong m\u1ed7i th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m \u00fd kh\u00f4ng cho xao l\u00e3ng.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc n\u01a1i v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y (Lama) c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3. V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 gi\u1edd ph\u00fat n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00f9 du nh\u01b0 “n\u0103m t\u1edbi ta s\u1ebd mua nh\u00e0, c\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1ee3, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 3 con v\u00e0 s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh cho ch\u00fang nh\u1eefng ph\u00f2ng nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1eb9p, v\u00e0 … “, v.v… H\u00e3y s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. N\u1ebfu d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5t 3 ng\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c 7 ng\u00e0y h\u00e3y l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1n. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1ecf d\u1edf n\u1eeda ch\u1eebng, v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ea1y theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 n\u1ecbnh h\u00f3t b\u1ec1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1a uy th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ee5c m\u1ea1 k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c. H\u00e3y noi g\u01b0\u01a1ng Milar\u00e9pa, s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eddi du ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1ea9n d\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 t\u1edb h\u1ea7u h\u1ea1, xa l\u00eca m\u1ecdi d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c th\u1ebf gian.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu tu t\u1eadp tinh t\u1ea5n \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m (c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea0I TH\u1ee6 \u1ea4N
\n(Mahamudra<\/em>)
\nOuang Tchuk Dorj\u00e9
\nTh\u00edch Tr\u00ed Si\u00eau d\u1ecbch<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG III<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n hai c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp (ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu) l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n hay qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu th\u00e2m s\u00e2u. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ta ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3i trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc (Kim Cang t\u1ecda), nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn r\u1ea5t \u01b0 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng. Hai m\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u00e9p h\u1edd, n\u1eeda nh\u1eafm n\u1eeda m\u1edf, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ebfc ng\u00f3 lung tung hay thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung s\u1eafc b\u00e9n, m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t, ng\u00f3 th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea7m m\u1eaft h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eb9 l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n tu Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh, t\u00e2m d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng. Ti\u1ebfp theo, v\u1edbi Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n, ta qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1ch qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t (t\u1ea7m m\u1eaft) c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Trong l\u00fac tu Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh, hai m\u1eaft th\u1ea3 nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn xu\u1ed1ng ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nay tu Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n, hai m\u1eaft ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u00ecn k\u1ef9 h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eb9 l\u00ean tr\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u00e9n nh\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00e2m trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i y\u00ean t\u1ecbnh, bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi ni\u1ec7m hay \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i “Ta”, kh\u00f4ng lo ngh\u0129. Sau \u0111\u00f3 gia t\u0103ng t\u1eeb t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m \u00fd khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 b\u00e9n nh\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m trong l\u00fac n\u00f3 \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng. Th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ra sao? C\u00f3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc hay k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m, k\u1ebft th\u00fac hay t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng? N\u00f3 \u1edf trong, \u1edf ngo\u00e0i hay \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an t\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y ra, c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng? Ch\u1ea3 c\u00f2n g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ch\u0103ng? Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an t\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c hay m\u1ed9t “c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft” m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a (l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00e0y hay c\u00e1i kia) trong s\u00e1ng, thanh t\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi (nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng)? T\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng u t\u1ed1i v\u00f4 t\u1eadn? Hay m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t b\u00e9n nh\u1ea1y?<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nghi v\u1ea5n quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh” (nature primordiale) hay th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh) \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm trong l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn, bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o kh\u1ed5 \u0111au.<\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u1eady, khi v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y (Lama) th\u0103m h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp, n\u1ebfu ta tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con v\u1eb9t nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe nh\u01b0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i (k\u1ef3 qu\u1eb7c m\u00e0 ta kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u ngh\u0129a) ho\u1eb7c t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, v\u1edbi t\u00e2m c\u00f2n n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1m t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eddi [1] mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m cho Th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh kinh ng\u1ea1c, ta tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, k\u1ef3 b\u00ed m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn. N\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafp l\u00ean m\u1eaft m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee5c v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi th\u00ec ta l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0o gi\u1edbi c\u1ed1 n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc (v\u1ecdng ng\u00f4n). Do \u0111\u00f3, ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1ecba \u0111\u1eb7t hay t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 trong l\u00fac tu t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean m\u1eafc c\u1edf hay ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ta t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 sau khi qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t t\u00e2m, n\u1ebfu c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, ta h\u00e3y th\u01b0a th\u1eadt nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o ta nh\u00ecn k\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i xem n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng? Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, n\u1ebfu ta tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1p r\u1eb1ng: “n\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng”, v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ta: “Kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u1eafng”. Qua s\u1ef1 th\u01b0a h\u1ecfi, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1p th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y \u1ea5y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ta nh\u1eadn ra th\u1ef1c T\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. N\u1ebfu tu t\u1eadp hay qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, nhi\u1ec1u khi b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u00e0y m\u00e0 ta v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng hay bi\u1ebft. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y \u1ea5y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ta c\u1ea3. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 mong c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ed5 \u0111au c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ta, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y ch\u0103m ch\u00fa qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t t\u00e2m. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t ti\u1ebfp. Mu\u1ed1n cho s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, ta c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5 trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng, trong s\u00e1ng t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat m\u00e2y. Ti\u1ebfp theo ch\u0103m ch\u00fa, d\u00f9ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh sinh nh\u00ecn k\u1ef9 xem t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m (nature de l\u2019esprit) ra sao? \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n n\u00f3. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u0103m h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u1ecd t\u00f9y theo c\u00e1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 xem c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng do hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00f9 du hay tr\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n: qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

[1] Huit attitudes mondaines: H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 “b\u00e1t phong”.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n d\u1ee9t tuy\u1ec7t g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 minh, ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng hay gi\u00f2ng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m (t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng) v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u0129nh t\u1ecda v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea7m m\u1eaft nh\u01b0 \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e2m t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an l\u1ea1c, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m. Sau khi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n an tr\u1ee5 trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m t\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u1ed1 \u00fd kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u1edfi, h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t n\u00f3, xem n\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng? Kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o v\u00e0 tan bi\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? N\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf trong hay \u1edf ngo\u00e0i th\u00e2n? N\u1ebfu \u1edf trong th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng \u1edf tim, gan, ph\u1ed5i hay \u0111\u1ea7u, \u00f3c, v.v…? D\u00f9 \u1edf trong hay \u1edf ngo\u00e0i, h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t xem n\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ra sao? Kh\u1edfi l\u00ean th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? C\u1ee9 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y ra sao? C\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n hay kh\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n? C\u00f3 kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m, ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc hay h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu c\u00f3, n\u00f3 ra sao? N\u1ebfu ta cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a hay kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, v\u1eady l\u00e0m sao hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3? Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c hay m\u1ed9t t\u00e1nh bi\u1ebft v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 v\u00f4 chung? Khi qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh u\u1eabn, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng \u0111u\u00f4i?<\/p>\n

Sau khi m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m tan bi\u1ebfn, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng? T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u1eady khi t\u00e2m \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \u0111ang kh\u1edfi, th\u1eed h\u1ecfi \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 (hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu) hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: “T\u00f4i g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n h\u00f4m qua”. \u00dd ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn? \u00d0ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o ra sao? \u00dd ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng? H\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng? Khi \u00fd ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y tr\u00f4i qua, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng, hay gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00f9m m\u00e2y tan bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m (v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n) v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y, v\u1eady c\u00e1i \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1eeba b\u1ea3o (r\u1eb1ng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3) \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3? N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129?<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi cho \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft. Khi b\u1ecb qu\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5u b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng t\u00ean \u0103n tr\u1ed9m, n\u1ebfu ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111em ra tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u1eefng t\u00ean c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1 ph\u00e1ch ta n\u1eefa. \u00d0\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00fd ni\u1ec7m hay v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng v\u1eady. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 “h\u00f3c b\u00faa” [1] s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ch\u00fang gi\u1ea3m s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m b\u00e9n m\u1ea3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00ec c\u0169ng y\u1ebfu d\u1ea7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0m phi\u1ec1n ta nhi\u1ec1u. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u00fd ni\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed1 \u00fd, h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan, kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh m\u1eafc. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kh\u1ed5 vui c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t sanh v\u1edbi n\u00f3, ta c\u0169ng qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfm bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t ch\u00fang, kh\u00f4ng tham d\u1ef1 hay g\u00e1n th\u00eam cho ch\u00fang nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129 t\u1ed1t, x\u1ea5u, v.v…<\/p>\n

Khi th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft trong s\u00e1ng, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e3y t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft trong s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong l\u00fac t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e3y ng\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi suy t\u01b0 v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng. \u1ede tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o l\u00e0m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1i t\u00e1nh bi\u1ebft (s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng) nguy\u00ean th\u1ec9.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn s\u00f3ng tr\u1ed3i l\u00ean, s\u1ee5p xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 l\u00e0m rung chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng? M\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m m\u00e2y c\u00f3 ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u0103ng?<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y ch\u0103m ch\u00fa qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, khi v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u00fat t\u1ec9a t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u (sau khi qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu) v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u00fd ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, t\u1ee9c th\u00ec g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 v\u00f4 minh b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t v\u00e0 b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

[1] V\u1ec1 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia l\u00e0m hai lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n

1\/ ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch, t\u00ecm t\u00f2i nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 (th\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi “h\u00f3c b\u00faa”) c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng k\u00e9o t\u00e2m tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 g\u1ea7n b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh hay th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i.
\n2\/ xu\u00f4i d\u00f2ng (\u0111\u1eddi): \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m suy ngh\u0129 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gian li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i Ta (ng\u00e3) l\u00f4i d\u1eabn h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m, khai m\u1edf d\u1ea7n tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng \u00e1n thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

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Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m chi\u1ebfu soi c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ec3 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n chia gi\u1eefa t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh, ta ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m khi n\u00f3 chi\u1ebfu soi c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt (v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tri gi\u00e1c thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay). Ng\u1ed3i trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u0129nh t\u1ecda nh\u01b0 \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eaft v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt nh\u01b0: b\u00ecnh hoa, b\u1ee9c tranh hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc n\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t. H\u00e3y nh\u00ecn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i gia t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t \u00e2m thanh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c, qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu xem t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u00e2m thanh \u00eam d\u1ecbu v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hay kh\u00e1c? Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu \u00e2m thanh gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v.v… C\u1ee9 th\u1ebf, qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a 5 c\u0103n, t\u1ee9c 5 tr\u1ea7n: s\u1eafc, thanh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac.<\/p>\n

Khi t\u00e2m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac chi\u1ebfu soi c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt, t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hay hai th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp? C\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt \u0111i t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o t\u00e2m hay t\u00e2m (n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfu) ph\u00f3ng ra \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: “Ta s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfu soi ch\u00fang”? Th\u1eadt ra t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi (gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t t\u00e1nh bi\u1ebft (nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c) khi n\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi 5 tr\u1ea7n. Nh\u00ecn k\u1ef9 xem c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o gi\u1eefa t\u00e1nh bi\u1ebft (t\u00e2m) v\u00e0 5 tr\u1ea7n (c\u1ea3nh) kh\u00f4ng? Khi nh\u00ecn m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt, v\u1eadt \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i?<\/p>\n

Khi ta nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft, v\u1eadt kia c\u00f3 m\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng? Khi ta l\u1ea5y hai tay che m\u1eaft, c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh u t\u1ed1i ch\u0103ng?<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, t\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00e2m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o t\u00e2m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00e0 hai v\u00e0 v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 (hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu) b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, v\u1eady c\u00e1i t\u00e2m hay bi\u1ebft (v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3) \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? N\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf trong hay \u1edf ngo\u00e0i v\u1eadt? H\u00e3y c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, ta qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hay kh\u00e1c. Th\u00e2n do t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3 h\u1ee3p, v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng sinh di\u1ec7t, c\u00f2n t\u00e2m th\u00ec t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t sinh b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t, v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 v\u00f4 chung, l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 th\u00e2n, \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean hay ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3, m\u00e0 n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u1eafp ch\u00e2u th\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng ta \u0111au nh\u1ee9c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m li\u00ean h\u1ec7 nhau nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 s\u1edf (nh\u01b0 t\u00e1ch tr\u00e0 v\u00e0 tr\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9a). N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n \u1edf ngo\u00e0i, t\u00e2m \u1edf trong nh\u01b0 hai v\u1eadt c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t, v\u1eady khi x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c th\u00ec c\u00e1i n\u00e0o hay bi\u1ebft? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o th\u00e2n hay bi\u1ebft th\u00ec x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft kia (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e2m) c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i hay bi\u1ebft ch\u1ee9! N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o t\u00e2m hay bi\u1ebft t\u1ee9c th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 hai v\u1eadt ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, t\u00e2m l\u00e0 v\u1eadt v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i hay \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp, v\u1eady khi th\u00e2n b\u1ecb kim ch\u00edch, sao t\u00e2m c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft \u0111au? Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00edch v\u00e0o th\u00e2n, ta c\u0169ng ch\u00edch lu\u00f4n t\u00e2m? H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c. Tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 v\u1eadt b\u1ecb ch\u1ee9a, nh\u01b0ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hai th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ta c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan gi\u1eefa c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00e2m ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00e0o th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

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Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu c\u00f9ng l\u00fac t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00e2m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trong s\u00e1ng, r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Sau \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u0169ng qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u00ecn k\u1ef9 xem hai t\u00e1nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hay kh\u00e1c? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c th\u00ec kh\u00e1c ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o? T\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac hay lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean nhau, c\u00e1i n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1i kia sau? T\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y l\u00faa ch\u0103ng? Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nhau t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i ch\u1ec9 d\u1ec7t n\u00ean n\u00f3? Khi t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea3y may v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 di chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng? Khi t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng (kh\u1edfi ni\u1ec7m), n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac an t\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng? Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai t\u00e2m, v\u00ec t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng hay suy ngh\u0129, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea3y may v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9ng, r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu cho r\u1eb1ng hai t\u00e2m n\u00e0y t\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u1eady kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng ch\u0103ng? Kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf sinh, tr\u1ee5, di\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c \u1edf qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u1ecb lai, ho\u1eb7c \u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng? H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng xem s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n

Ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn tu t\u1eadp, qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 sinh kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a \u00fd ni\u1ec7m, ta s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, n\u00f3 thay phi\u00ean nhau hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi. Khi t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1eb7ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec di \u0111\u1ed9ng; khi t\u00e2m di \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean c\u1ea3, nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u00f3ng. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng hai c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n chi\u1ebfu soi d\u00f9 c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb nay m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n, ta ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m, xem n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a “t\u00e1nh r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng” [1], hay n\u00f3 tan bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed3i nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 l\u1ea1i cho “t\u00e1nh r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng”?<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng khi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00f3 r\u1ea1ng, ta m\u1edf c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, t\u1ee9c th\u00ec b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i tan ho\u00e0 v\u00e0o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng? hay b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i ch\u1ea1y \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 l\u1ea1i cho \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng?<\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh \u00fd ni\u1ec7m t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng? N\u1ebfu cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong hai gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, ta ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh kh\u1ea9n tham v\u1ea5n v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y c\u1ea7u gia h\u1ed9, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu (th\u1ef1c) t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia l\u00e0m 3 lo\u1ea1i t\u00f9y theo c\u0103n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3:<\/p>\n

1) Tu t\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh.
\n2) Tu t\u1eadp c\u00f9ng l\u00fac Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh.
\n3) Tu t\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i 1) v\u00e0 2) th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb9, c\u0103n t\u00e1nh lanh l\u1ee3i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0103n t\u00e1nh trung b\u00ecnh n\u00ean tu t\u1eadp theo lo\u1ea1i 3) v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y. C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m \u00fd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 xao l\u00e3ng, kh\u00f4ng mong c\u1ea7u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng lo s\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tu t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m (c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1), ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd tr\u1ef1c ng\u1ed9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c nguy\u00ean th\u1ec9 (b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh). \u00d0\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, h\u00e3y d\u1ee9t b\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u00fd ni\u1ec7m nghi v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 t\u01b0.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

[1] Vacuit\u00e9 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 “t\u00e1nh r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng” v\u00ec t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hay g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m<\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eadn ra t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c ra v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ra tay ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu ta tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp y theo nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00ec b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Song le c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9 tinh t\u1ea5n v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra. L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch nghe Kinh, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, l\u1ea1i b\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef, Ph\u00e1p ng\u1eef di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh. Do \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0103n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt v\u1edbi Th\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n

Sau khi xem x\u00e9t qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m, ta s\u1ebd th\u00e2u th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i hay tr\u00e1i. \u1ede tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng, qua nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n, v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y \u1ea5y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng ta \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ta th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ng\u1ed9 hay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u00d0\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 khai th\u1ecb, hay \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 gi\u00fap ta nh\u1eadn ra.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t gi\u00fap cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u01a1 c\u01a1 nh\u1eadn ra b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh (c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m):<\/p>\n

Sau khi \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an t\u1ecbnh, h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea7ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng (h\u00e0o quang) trong su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u01b0 v\u00f4. Trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft trong s\u00e1ng, r\u1ed9ng t\u1ecfa, \u00eam d\u1ecbu, th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00e0y hay c\u00e1i kia, m\u00e0u n\u00e0y hay d\u00e1ng n\u1ecd, v.v… c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a hay di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3, c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft nguy\u00ean th\u1ec9, thanh t\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfu soi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i, v\u1eabn hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 s\u1edd s\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t. C\u00e1i bi\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nay m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia kh\u00f4ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m, nay m\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m, ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft nay m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t v\u00ec t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u00eam n\u1eefa ta ph\u1ea3i \u00fd th\u1ee9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a hay kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, v\u0103n t\u1ef1, h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trong su\u1ed1t, t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y qua thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh. Ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm (tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ta th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m), ta s\u1ebd d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n s\u1ebd ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n. D\u00f9 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i \u0111i n\u1eefa, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i cho ta m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh (c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ch\u00edn m\u00f9i.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00f2ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u00fd ni\u1ec7m, ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh (c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh). N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u00e0m sao ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 ra sao? Ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 th\u00ec v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

Trong l\u00fac Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn gia t\u0103ng s\u1ee9c qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, khi c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn, kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean than kh\u00f3c, ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1i t\u00e2m \u0111ang c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd s\u1ef1 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn. Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng ch\u00fa \u00fd n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd d\u1ee9t b\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c tu t\u1eadp nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n kh\u1ea9u. Khi ta hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c tu t\u1eadp th\u00ec cu\u1ed9c truy\u1ec1n kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, khai tri\u1ec3n kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ef1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111u\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh c\u00f9ng x\u00f3a tan m\u1ecdi nghi ng\u1edd, ta v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 \u1ea5n ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, tu thi\u1ec1n bao g\u1ed3m hai \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu: Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n. Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a t\u00e2m tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u1ee5 trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ed5n nhi\u00ean, \u00eam d\u1ecbu trong s\u00e1ng, c\u00e1c \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u00eau tan (ngay khi ch\u00fang v\u1eeba ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi). T\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u00f3ng ch\u1ea1y b\u1eeba b\u00e3i theo \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian n\u1eefa, n\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n an l\u1ea1c, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ecm v\u00e0o gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 v\u00f9i. L\u00fac n\u00e0y ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y \u00fd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i hay th\u00e2u ng\u1eafn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u khi c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p n\u1eefa. \u00d0\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat tr\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 an l\u1ea1c, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Tuy kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh (v\u00ec ch\u01b0a ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n) nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu ch\u00fang, ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp, khai tri\u1ec3n an tr\u1ee5 trong Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m, t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ta s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. N\u00f3 v\u1eeba r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, v\u1eeba trong s\u00e1ng, v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u00fd th\u1ee9c. N\u00f3 hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00e0nh. N\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 t\u1ee9c c\u00f2n v\u00f4 minh v\u00e0 tr\u00f4i l\u0103n trong sanh t\u1eed. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7, C\u0103n B\u1ea3n tr\u00ed, Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n, t\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c, b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh, Thanh Quang [1], v.v…<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn ra th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec tr\u00f4i l\u0103n trong sanh t\u1eed. Th\u1ef1c ra t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a sanh t\u1eed v\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 hay ch\u01b0a m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y khai th\u1ecb th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh (c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m) r\u1ed3i, ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 quen bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb l\u00e2u. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra (l\u1ea1i) t\u00e1nh (c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m). T\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng minh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed hay t\u00e0i di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi v\u00f4 th\u1ec9, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m d\u1ea5y kh\u1edfi che l\u1ea5p b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh l\u00e0m ta qu\u00ean h\u1eb3n n\u00f3. Ng\u00e0y nay nh\u1edd ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t gi\u00f2ng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o T\u00e2m, n\u00ean ta nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh. Sau khi nh\u1eadn ra r\u1ed3i, ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng xao l\u00e3ng. Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu th\u00e2m s\u00e2u t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 khai th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y) . H\u00e3y ghi kh\u1eafc v\u00e0o t\u00e2m v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ea5n thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ng\u01a1i ngh\u1ec9. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 n\u0103m (c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n): nh\u1eadn ra t\u00e1nh (c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh).<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

[1] Claire lumi\u00e8re. Trong M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng danh t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 Thanh Quang (Claire lumi\u00e8re m\u00e8re), T\u1eed Quang (Claire lumi\u00e8re fille) \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn t\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eadn ra t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n

\u00d0i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n (t\u1ee9c qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng) c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 minh. \u1ede nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y hai c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c: 1) qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m hay an t\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 2) qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng hay suy ngh\u0129.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, sau khi qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh, trong s\u00e1ng v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m, kh\u00f4ng h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, ta th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng sanh, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng ta kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 (kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m) r\u1eb1ng: “t\u00e1nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng sanh, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng s\u1eafc”. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu th\u00e2m s\u00e2u t\u00e2m v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

D\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1eafc v\u00e0o l\u1ed7i kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u00f3a t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng sinh, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t “v\u1eadt” (ph\u00e1p).<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng sinh, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 gh\u00e9p t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o v\u0103n t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5p \u0111o\u1ea1n, cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 (hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu). Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1eb1ng chuy\u1ec3n, kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft; t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 sanh, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd di\u1ec7t, v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u00e3, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edfi ni\u1ec7m suy ngh\u0129: “T\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1ea5t sinh, b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t, v.v…”. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t th\u1ee7 x\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa hai t\u00e1nh r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m, ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ef1c ng\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang sinh kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac (gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ebd h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc). Th\u00eam n\u1eefa, ta ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o gi\u1eefa t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt, gi\u1eefa t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, gi\u1eefa t\u00e2m qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v.v… T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t t\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng (r\u1ed7ng s\u00e1ng).<\/p>\n

Khi ta l\u00e0m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m (\u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu) ho\u1eb7c khi n\u00f3 tan bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh r\u1ed7ng s\u00e1ng m\u00e0 ngay khi \u0111ang kh\u1edfi, ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh r\u1ed7ng s\u00e1ng. Hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra t\u00e1nh (c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m).<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh, t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m, c\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u1ec1u s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, linh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 nhau. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 suy lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia, ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a \u00fd ni\u1ec7m n\u00ean ta r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu mu\u1ed1n xua \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00fang trong l\u00fac thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh. Nh\u01b0ng nay \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh r\u1ed3i, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o \u00fd ni\u1ec7m (l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng).<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia, nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ee5c che l\u1ea5p m\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb nay ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t: ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng xuy\u00ean qua ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m sinh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0o kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ta c\u0169ng ghi nh\u1eadn kh\u00e1ch quan. Khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m, h\u00e3y an tr\u1ee5 trong v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ed1 \u00fd l\u00e0m n\u00f3 d\u1ea5y kh\u1edfi. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t ch\u1ee3t n\u00f3 d\u1ea5y kh\u1edfi, ta c\u0169ng an tr\u1ee5 trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n xua \u0111u\u1ed5i hay d\u1eadp t\u1eaft n\u00f3. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u00e2m. C\u00e1i t\u00e2m v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edfi hay di\u1ec7t. \u00d0\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y n\u00e0y, c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y th\u00e2m s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a \u00fd ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

Ta c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh r\u1ed7ng s\u00e1ng, v\u1eeba kh\u1edfi v\u1eeba di\u1ec7t c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 in d\u1ea5u tay tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1eeb l\u00fac kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ebfn khi di\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u00e1t na t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i n\u00e0o, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o gi\u1eefa hai \u00fd ni\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean”, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “t\u1ef1 tan bi\u1ebfn l\u1ea5y”.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t sanh, t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m \u00fd nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ee9c qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khai th\u1ecb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u1ee9 hai (c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y) v\u1ec1 b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh (c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m). Tr\u1ef1c ng\u1ed9 (nh\u1eadn ra) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 xong, ta ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tu t\u1eadp tinh t\u1ea5n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ef1c ng\u1ed9 n\u00e0y. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eadn ra t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m chi\u1ebfu soi c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00e2m li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi th\u00e2n<\/p>\n

\u00d0i\u1ec1u khai th\u1ecb th\u1ee9 ba nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap ta nh\u1eadn ra t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfu, hay \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi) gi\u1eefa t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt. \u1ede nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt (5 tr\u1ea7n) kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u00e2m n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m suy ngh\u0129 (kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m) r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng v\u1eady th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hai. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t ra kh\u1ecfi t\u00e1nh r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, t\u00e1nh n\u0103ng kh\u1edfi (di\u1ec7u h\u1eefu) ra kh\u1ecfi t\u00e1nh r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng (ch\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng).<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng tr\u0103ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, v\u1eady khi l\u1ea5y tay che n\u01b0\u1edbc, sao b\u00f3ng tr\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 hai th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi b\u00f3ng tr\u0103ng ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9?<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 n\u00f3ng, l\u1ea1nh, v.v… c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh (\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng); v\u00ec ch\u01b0a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh ch\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng, di\u1ec7u h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang n\u00ean ta d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o, cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Trong gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 ta th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u00e2n, chung quanh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng khi th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea5c, ta li\u1ec1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu hay th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 “th\u00e2n t\u00f4i”, v.v… C\u0169ng v\u1eady, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt c\u00f9ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, m\u00e0 ta (do l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng) cho l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady).<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00e2m. N\u1ebfu ngh\u0129 ma qu\u1ef7 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u1ea5y. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u1ecd, Milar\u00e9pa [1] \u0111ang thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t hang \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1, li\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u1ed3n ma n\u00e0o \u1edf kh\u00f4ng? Khi \u00fd ngh\u0129 n\u1ea7y v\u1eeba kh\u1edfi xong, t\u1ee9c th\u00ec m\u1ed9t con qu\u1ef7 c\u00e1i (ng\u00e1o \u1ed9p) hi\u1ec7n ra h\u1ecfi: “T\u1ea1i sao ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi t\u00f4i? N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00f4i \u0111i th\u00ec h\u00e3y l\u1eafng t\u00e2m ng\u00e0i xu\u1ed1ng”. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00ec ta l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1eadt, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 “\u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i”, n\u00ean ta “tin” r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 b\u00f3ng d\u00e1ng \u1ea3nh chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 h\u1eefu, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt h\u1eefu ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1eadt “\u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i”. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y l\u1edbn (grands Lamas) khi \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng (Bodhgaya)_ b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang xung quanh nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f9ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n xin \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ly n\u01b0\u1edbc: ch\u00fang sanh \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00f4i, qu\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f3i th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u00e1u m\u1ee7, c\u00e1 th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u1edf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u ti\u00ean. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y \u1edf tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i t\u00e2m, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eaft ta, ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 “\u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i” v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0o xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft (ng\u00f3n tay ta ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n), h\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m \u00fd quan s\u00e1t n\u00f3 v\u00e0i ph\u00fat. Sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u1edbi l\u1ecfng s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t nh\u1ecf c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 nh\u01b0ng sau m\u1ed9t l\u00e1t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft m\u1edd d\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u00ecn l\u00e2u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ho\u1eb7c hai m\u1eaft m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m \u00fd nh\u00ecn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00ec h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. \u00d0\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng t\u00e2m (ta) v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh (\u0111i, \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb t\u00e2m) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hai v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh (\u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c) s\u1edf ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ki\u1ebfn, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0 \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u00e2m c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. Ngo\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ra, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt hay h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ngo\u00e0i t\u00e2m c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia v\u00ec v\u00f4 minh ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i?u n\u00e0y. Ng\u00e0y nay nh\u1edd ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t gi\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c hay kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc (bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p) n\u00ean nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfu, n\u0103ng kh\u1edfi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u00e1m v\u00edu v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt v\u00ec th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng v\u00e0 trong s\u00e1ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c chi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y an tr\u1ee5 trong th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u an l\u1ea1c, t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng hay B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3. Kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh m\u1eafc qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng suy ngh\u0129 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u00fd th\u1ee9c. H\u00e3y bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, an tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. An tr\u1ee5 trong t\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 di\u1ec7u h\u1eefu, c\u1ee7a an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c. Khi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb gi\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 – c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt tuy \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft – \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y th\u00e2m s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfu. Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tu t\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0 ngh\u00ec.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn ra t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfu (c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 khai th\u1ecb th\u1ee9 ba (c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y) v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

[1] M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 Du Gi\u00e0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1ecb T\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i \u00e1o v\u1ea3i (Kagyupa) n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 (ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n) ngay trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 tu h\u00e0nh kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh, tinh t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng tuy\u1ebft l\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Hy M\u00e3 L\u1ea1p S\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eadn ra c\u00f9ng l\u00fac t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00e2m n\u0103ng kh\u1edfi<\/p>\n

Khi qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng (\u1edf nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc), ta \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hai t\u00e2m (kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t). Khi t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh th\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 khi dao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng an t\u1ecbnh. T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m cho ra t\u00e1nh r\u1ed7ng s\u00e1ng, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i, khi \u00fd ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y di\u1ec7t, n\u00f3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh r\u1ed7ng s\u00e1ng. Ngay khi \u0111ang kh\u1edfi n\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh r\u1ed7ng s\u00e1ng. Th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Khi bi\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00e2m (kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c).<\/p>\n

Khi qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft (nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt trong m\u01a1) \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng (th\u1ef1c) r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m m\u00e0 ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn ra, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “t\u00e1nh bi\u1ebft”, t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u00fd ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu, n\u0103ng gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 n\u0103ng kh\u1edfi, h\u1ee3p th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1i L\u1ea1c (grande b\u00e9atitude) hay \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n (Mahamudra) con \u1ea5n l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh. Khi nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n. H\u00e3y an tr\u1ee5 trong t\u00e1nh bi\u1ebft r\u1ed7ng s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng xao l\u00e3ng, mong c\u1ea7u hay lo l\u1eafng. Ch\u00ednh trong gi\u1edd ph\u00fat n\u00e0y, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, ta \u0111ang th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n.<\/p>\n

L\u00fac n\u00e0y Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p (song tu) v\u1edbi Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh, nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m l\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, c\u1ea3 hai h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi t\u00e1nh n\u00e0y nh\u01b0: tinh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea1i b\u1ed5n th\u1ee9c, th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, b\u1ea1ch t\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9c, ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh, Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n, Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh, B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3, nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed, Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t, v.v…<\/p>\n

V\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngo\u00e0i t\u00e2m n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Duy T\u00e2m (Cittamatra). V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c nh\u1ecb bi\u00ean n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Trung Qu\u00e1n (Madhyamika). V\u00ec n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, kh\u00f3 l\u00e3nh h\u1ed9i n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o (Tantra). V\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u00e1 tan m\u1ecdi v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kim Cang th\u1eeba (Vajrayana). V\u00ec n\u00f3 nh\u1eadn ra Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n (Dharmakaya).<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y d\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfc b\u00e8 k\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh k\u00ednh (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y) \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua bi\u1ec3n sanh t\u1eed, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n \u01a1n tr\u00ean gia h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ta \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 r\u1ed3i t\u1ef1 m\u00e3n. H\u00e3y tin ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 hay ph\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ta \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n

Khi t\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t thanh t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn ra, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb ng\u0103n che, hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n c\u0103n (c\u0103n b\u1ea3n). Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ea1o (con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng). Ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t (tr\u1edf v\u1ec1) ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n qu\u1ea3. V\u1edbi t\u00e2m an vui t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y y theo m\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb nay s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, xa l\u00eca v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n sinh t\u1eed. Do \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e3y vui m\u1eebng, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Sau khi qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u1ecb th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh, nh\u1eadn ra h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00e2m (kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c), ch\u1ee3t kh\u1edfi ch\u1ee3t bi\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh (r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng). \u00d0\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n, khai l\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n. H\u00e3y tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ng\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c (v\u00f4 b\u1ed5). \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

V\u00e0i l\u1eddi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y coi nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m \u00fd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n t\u00ecm b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra n\u00f3, t\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a kinh nghi\u1ec7m thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan t\u01b0\u01a1ng duy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, trong s\u1ef1 khai th\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u1ef1 khai th\u1ecb theo b\u1ed1n c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu, r\u00fat t\u1ec9a t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m tu t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t. M\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u1ecb ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m (tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i), ta s\u1ebd sinh ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n. N\u1ebfu ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n th\u00ec kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, in s\u00e2u v\u00e0o t\u00e2m kh\u1ea3m. \u00d0\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p (nguy hi\u1ec3m) n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea0I TH\u1ee6 \u1ea4N
\n(Mahamudra<\/em>)
\nOuang Tchuk Dorj\u00e9
\nTh\u00edch Tr\u00ed Si\u00eau d\u1ecbch<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG IV<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n v\u00e0 Th\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ecba B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp, n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sanh trong nh\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 may m\u1eafn c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi (\u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ee5c c\u0103n) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd k\u00e9o ta ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. Suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 gi\u00fap ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ta s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi thanh t\u1ecbnh. Qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t v\u1ec1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i gi\u00fap ta nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n ba c\u00f5i. C\u00f3 nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n th\u00ec ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t m\u1edbi ki\u00ean c\u1ed1. Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1eeb bi khi\u1ebfn B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1eafp ch\u00fang sanh.<\/p>\n

Tu t\u1eadp Kim Cang qu\u00e1n, n\u0103ng tr\u00ec ch\u00fa 100 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ef1, s\u1ebd g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1m b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c trong chi\u00eam bao, ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb. C\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ea1n \u00d0\u00e0 La, th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, mu\u1ed1n \u00edt, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7, t\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfm. Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 Du Gi\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00f2ng tin k\u00ednh v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y (Lama), nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 gia h\u1ed9 gi\u00fap ta khai tri\u1ec3n kinh nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh. S\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng tin k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n tu t\u1eadp ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu, l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh gi\u00fap ta khai tri\u1ec3n, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t ba \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh: an l\u1ea1c, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m. L\u00f2ng ham mu\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t (qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, th\u1ee9c \u0103n, v.v…) gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eafc nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ng\u0169 nh\u00e3n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m vi t\u1ebf, t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n b\u1ecb m\u1edd d\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c, t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i sao d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Ng\u0169 nh\u00e3n g\u1ed3m: 1) Nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3n, th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt \u1edf xa tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, 2) Thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n, th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, v\u1ecb lai, 3) Hu\u1ec7 nh\u00e3n, th\u1ea5y r\u00f5, tr\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh, 4) Ph\u00e1p nh\u00e3n, th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang sanh c\u00f9ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p th\u00edch \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecd, 5) Ph\u1eadt nh\u00e3n, th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, t\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ch\u1ee7ng tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch th\u00e2u th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u0103n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3. V\u1edbi h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n th\u00ec Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n gi\u00fap h\u1ecd tr\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9, tr\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1o B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1. H\u00e0ng trung c\u0103n th\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u00fac \u0111i th\u1eb3ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 l\u00fac l\u1ea1i \u0111i theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. H\u00e0ng h\u1ea1 c\u0103n th\u00ec ti\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb t\u1eeb theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 s\u01a1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m cho \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ecba B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, t\u00f9y theo c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n 12 (4 l\u1ea7n 3) ph\u00e9p qu\u00e1n Du Gi\u00e0 (Yoga).<\/p>\n

N\u0103m con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (ng\u0169 \u0111\u1ea1o) [1] v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi (Th\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ecba) c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn Ch\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1c (Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u1ed5 \u1ea4n v\u00e0 T\u1ea1ng m\u1eadt. Theo ng\u00e0i Gampopa trong “Ng\u1ecdc b\u00e1u trang nghi\u00eam gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t” th\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m 13 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (s\u01a1) ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh kh\u1ea9n mong c\u1ea7u, 10 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Th\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ecba B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt \u00d0\u1ecba. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i “\u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u00e0nh T\u1ef1u” (Maha-Ati, Dzogtchen) l\u1ea1i chia theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y theo \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n, ng\u0169 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 Th\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ecba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia theo 12 ph\u00e1p Du Gi\u00e0. D\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n

(Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, khi \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an t\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m), ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y \u00fd tr\u1ee5 trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an l\u1ea1c, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o. Tuy v\u1eady, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fac 3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn trong khi Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u00fd Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn. Ta ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 “t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m”. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu ta \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb xao l\u00e3ng b\u1edfi ngo\u1ea1i duy\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh, 3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi. L\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 “t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m”, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 trung c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

An tr\u00fa t\u1eadp trung kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng xao l\u00e3ng, ngay c\u1ea3 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1eabn b\u00ecnh l\u1eb7ng, trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1eddi, h\u00e0nh vi, c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ngay trong gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7, t\u00e2m v\u1eabn an tr\u00fa kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an l\u1ea1c, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “Kh\u00f4ng-Thi\u1ec1n” [2] ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng (hay ki\u1ebfn t\u00e1nh, n\u00f3i theo danh t\u1eeb Thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng). Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed9c hai con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00edch T\u1ee5 v\u00e0 Chu\u1ea9n B\u1ecb. V\u00ec ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n T\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m n\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng) m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tu t\u1eadp l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, xa l\u00eca m\u1ecdi b\u00e1m v\u00edu th\u1ee7 x\u1ea3, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u00ean s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thanh t\u1ecbnh. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m d\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 an l\u1ea1c, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1u tan v\u1ee1, ti\u00eau ho\u1ea1i (v\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 tan bi\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng l\u00fac trong t\u1eebng s\u00e1t na), nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i (t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu) c\u1ee7a t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng. N\u00f3i theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, khi s\u1ef1 b\u00e1m v\u00edu v\u00e0o 3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u00ean (cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1eadt) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng v\u00f4-kh\u00e1i-ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u01b0a t\u00e2m v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i Kh\u00f4ng-an-l\u1ea1c, Kh\u00f4ng-s\u00e1ng-su\u1ed1t, Kh\u00f4ng-v\u00f4-ni\u1ec7m, th\u00ec l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thanh t\u1ecbnh, t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed9t v\u1ecf, kho t\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf n\u1eafp.<\/p>\n

\u00d0ang \u0111\u00f3i th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1eebng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Mu\u1ed1n \u0103n ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed9t v\u1ecf. V\u1ecf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 b\u00e1m v\u00edu v\u00e0o 3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an l\u1ea1c cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c c\u00f3. Khi v\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed9t, th\u00ec th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9, t\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng (vide) c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1m kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m, tuy r\u1ed7ng ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u1edfi di\u1ec7t t\u1eebng s\u00e1t na.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9 ba (ki\u1ebfn t\u00e1nh), c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 trung \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf th\u00f3i quen hay kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m (\u0111\u00f3ng khung) t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh th\u00ec ta m\u1edbi \u1edf tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p. Sau khi thanh l\u1ecdc, t\u00e2m tr\u1edf n\u00ean trong su\u1ed1t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 trung c\u1ea5p. Khi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt th\u00ec ta \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “Kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ebfn” th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng. Ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t m\u1ecdi ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u1eabn b\u00ean trong, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea5p. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 \u1ea3o \u1ea3nh, d\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7m (mirage). Tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (th\u1ee9 3) ki\u1ebfn t\u00e1nh n\u00e0y, ta ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m v\u00e0 g\u1ed9t s\u1ea1ch 82 ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1i sinh trong 3 c\u00f5i, tr\u1eeb khi b\u1edfi nguy\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c (mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sanh). T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ebfn t\u00e1nh hay S\u01a1 \u00d0\u1ecba c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, “Hoan H\u1ef7 \u00d0\u1ecba”. Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tu t\u1eadp, ta ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n “\u00d0\u1ed9c v\u1ecb” (m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb duy nh\u1ea5t).<\/p>\n

\u1ede b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n g\u1eb7p v\u00e0i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5 trong “b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y”. \u00d0\u1ebfn khi nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua th\u00ec d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 hay ch\u01b0a tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u00fd ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi [3], d\u00f9 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a (tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i) “b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y”. Th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb (r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng).<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a “\u00d0\u1ed9c v\u1ecb”, kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9c v\u1ecb gi\u1eefa c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0: cho “b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y” l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

Khi v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh l\u1ecdc, t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u tan ho\u00e0 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb duy nh\u1ea5t, lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, sinh t\u1eed v\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n c\u0169ng v\u1eady. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 trung c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a “\u00d0\u1ed9c v\u1ecb”. Ti\u1ebfp theo, c\u00e1i v\u1ecb duy nh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n xuy\u00ean qua m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a “\u00d0\u1ed9c v\u1ecb”.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb Nh\u1ecb \u00d0\u1ecba cho \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ea5t \u00d0\u1ecba (theo v\u00e0i lu\u1eadn s\u01b0 th\u00ec n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 B\u00e1t \u00d0\u1ecba), thu\u1ed9c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n chia 12 ph\u00e9p Du Gi\u00e0. Theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, b\u00fat t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Kontrul Rinpoch\u00e9 \u0111\u1ec7 III, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n:<\/p>\n

Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m \u00fd c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh, \u1edf s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p, 3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an l\u1ea1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t, l\u00fac kh\u00f4ng l\u00fac c\u00f3. \u1ede trung c\u1ea5p, 3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u1edf th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea5p th\u00ec ch\u00fang tan h\u00f2a v\u00e0o Thanh Quang, ngay c\u1ea3 trong gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Ki\u1ebfn T\u00e1nh, ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng sanh, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5. \u1ede trung c\u1ea5p, ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u00e1m v\u00edu v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt. \u1ede th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea5p, ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ee9t l\u00eca kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n

Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u00d0\u1ed9c v\u1ecb, \u1edf s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 h\u1eefu) \u0111\u1ec1u tan h\u00f2a v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng (r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng). \u1ede trung c\u1ea5p, t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00f2a v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u1ede th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea5p, ta tho\u00e1ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a ng\u0169 tr\u00ed [4] (xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u00d0\u1ed9c v\u1ecb).<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n chia, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u1edf tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u00e1i, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ngo\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp, trong t\u00e2m v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i v\u00e0i v\u1ebft d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng nay, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trong l\u00fac thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i gi\u1edd thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao tr\u00f9m trong m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, thanh t\u1ecbnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ai ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa xao l\u00e3ng hay kh\u00f4ng xao l\u00e3ng. Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tho\u00e1t ly kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean gi\u1eefa n\u0103ng qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 s\u1edf qu\u00e1n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec1n, hay B\u00e1t \u00d0\u1ecba B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

\u1ede m\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2u l\u00e2u trong gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7, v\u00e0i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft vi t\u1ebf d\u00ednh m\u1eafc (n\u0103ng, s\u1edf) v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi. Khi nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0 trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Tr\u00ed [5], \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trung c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec1n, hay C\u1eedu \u00d0\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Th\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ecba B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, khi l\u01b0\u1ee1i ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ed v\u00e0 C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Tr\u00ed vung l\u00ean ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c nh\u1eefng l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng vi t\u1ebf (nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 minh) th\u00ec M\u1eabu Quang, to\u00e0n kh\u1ed1i thanh t\u1ecbnh r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 T\u1eed Quang, tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y trong nh\u01b0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng [6], t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec1n hay Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t (gi\u1eefa to\u00e0n kh\u1ed1i r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1i Vi\u00ean C\u1ea3nh Tr\u00ed) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n (Dharmakaya) m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb B\u00e1t \u00d0\u1ecba \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn du\u1edbi 2 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh: Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n v\u00e0 S\u1eafc th\u00e2n [7]. Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n th\u1eafng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00f4 minh, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh n\u00f3 c\u1ee5 t\u00fac. S\u1eafc th\u00e2n l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ea1nh l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m (Bodhicitta) \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh. Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n b\u1ea5t sinh, b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn, thanh t\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh thanh t\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 B\u00e1o th\u00e2n (Sambhogakaya) m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 B\u00e1o th\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng theo kinh t\u1ea1ng th\u00ec B\u00e1o th\u00e2n c\u00f3 5 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sau:<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 1) s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edbng: lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 112 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh [8] v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt; 2) gi\u00e1o l\u00fd: gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n; 3) \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed: g\u1ed3m ch\u01b0 \u00d0\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t; 4) \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ee9c: ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f5i T\u1ecbnh \u00d0\u1ed9; 5) th\u1eddi gian: tr\u1ee5 cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 thanh t\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f5i n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9, c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt. Ngo\u00e0i ch\u01b0 \u00d0\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fang sinh n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh thanh t\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u00fd ni\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh thanh t\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 H\u00f3a th\u00e2n (Nirmanakaya) m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0u ly m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lau ch\u00f9i, b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a vua Tr\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ebf Th\u00edch c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sanh kh\u00f4ng trong s\u1ea1ch, d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y. \u00d0\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang sanh c\u0103n t\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, H\u00f3a th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh 3 h\u1ea1ng. H\u00f3a th\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u01b0 Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 32 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed1t, 80 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 12 vi\u1ec7c: xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb cung tr\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ea5u Su\u1ea5t (Tushita), sinh trong ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c, tinh th\u00f4ng v\u00f5 ngh\u1ec7, xu\u1ea5t gia, tu kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e2y B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1, chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n, v.v… N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh th\u00ec ta s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni Ph\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi to l\u1edbn v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i tai d\u00e0i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh th\u00ec v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y (Lama) c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c chi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. H\u00f3a th\u00e2n trung th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, b\u00e1c s\u0129, nh\u1ea1c s\u0129, v.v… H\u00f3a th\u00e2n h\u1ea1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u00fa v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 voi, kh\u1ec9, chim, v.v… \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sanh.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ea1nh l\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb tam th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sanh, v\u01b0\u1ee3t ngo\u00e0i s\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e0m nh\u00e2n. Ch\u00fang sanh v\u00f4 bi\u00ean th\u00ec s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ai trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp cho t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c Kh\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

[1] Ng\u0169 \u0111\u1ea1o: 5 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng chia ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp th\u00e0nh 5 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: T\u00edch T\u1ee5 (accumulation), Chu\u1ea9n B\u1ecb (pr\u00e9paration), Ki\u1ebfn T\u00e1nh (vision), Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n (m\u00e9ditation), Kh\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec1n (non-m\u00e9ditation).<\/p>\n

[2] Non-m\u00e9ditation: d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec1n. Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1eddi, \u0111i, \u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb1m, ng\u1ed3i, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c, t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u an tr\u00fa trong Thi\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n cu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1eddi kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng phu thi\u1ec1n t\u1ecda. Trong Thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec1n m\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n, thi\u1ec1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n

[3] Tuy th\u1ea5y T\u00e1nh nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi.<\/p>\n

[4] T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn Ng\u0169 Tr\u00ed thay v\u00ec T\u1ee9 Tr\u00ed. Theo Shamar Rinpoch\u00e9 trong quy\u1ec3n “Les deux visages de l\u2019esprit”, Ng\u0169 Tr\u00ed g\u1ed3m: \u00d0\u1ea1i Vi\u00ean C\u1ea3nh Tr\u00ed (sagesse semblable au miroir), B\u00ecnh \u00d0\u1eb3ng T\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed (sagesse de l\u2019identit\u00e9), Di\u1ec7u Quang S\u00e1t Tr\u00ed (sagesse de la simultan\u00e9it\u00e9), Th\u00e0nh S\u1edf T\u00e1c Tr\u00ed (sagesse tout accomplissant), v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p Gi\u1edbi Tr\u00ed (sagesse du Dharmadhatu).<\/p>\n

[5] Kinh s\u00e1ch T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n chia 2 lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7: 1) Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ed, connaissance discriminante (sh\u00e9rab) l\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh, th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf, t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf. C\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00ed B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3. 2) C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Tr\u00ed (y\u00e9sh\u00e9) l\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb t\u00e1nh, dung th\u00f4ng nh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

[6] Sagesse primordiale semblable au miroir<\/p>\n

[7]S\u1eafc th\u00e2n bao g\u1ed3m B\u00e1o th\u00e2n v\u00e0 H\u00f3a th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

[8] 32 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed1t, 80 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/p>\n

T\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi v\u00f4 th\u1ec9, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1nh, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh (c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m), th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p hay \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n, v\u00e0 t\u00e1nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau khi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n c\u0103n l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n. Sau khi nh\u1eadn ra th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ecba B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ea1o. Sau c\u00f9ng, khi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 minh, t\u00e1nh thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n c\u0103n, \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan t\u01b0\u01a1ng duy\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t em b\u00e9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u00f4ng l\u00e3o. Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng l\u00e3o n\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t em b\u00e9 hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn. C\u0169ng v\u1eady \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n qu\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn, sau khi tr\u1ea3i qua \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n c\u0103n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh thanh t\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt s\u1edf qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng qu\u00e1n, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u00e1i Th\u1ea5y v\u1ec1 \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n. Suy ngh\u0129 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 C\u00e1i Th\u1ea5y n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng xao l\u00e3ng, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n.<\/p>\n

Tu t\u1eadp c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 C\u00e1i Th\u1ea5y (ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn) v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp (ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh). C\u00f3 thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp m\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn, ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9 \u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ed1ng. C\u00f3 ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp, ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea7n ti\u1ec7n, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i \u00edch l\u1ee3i n\u00e0o cho m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 hai, s\u1ebd gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 chim \u0111\u1ee7 hai c\u00e1nh bay nhanh \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch khai tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, trong l\u00fac l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 Ho\u1ea1t \u00d0\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0: l\u00e0m h\u1ea1nh l\u00e0nh, m\u1eadt h\u1ea1nh, l\u00e0m trong \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m tin t\u01b0\u1edfng, k\u00ednh m\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y (Lamas). D\u1ee9t b\u1ecf v\u00e0 xa l\u00eca nh\u1eefng c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. Lu\u00f4n t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m \u00fd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 xao l\u00e3ng. Ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y \u00edch k\u1ef7 ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0o x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn trong thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n, ph\u1ea3i tinh c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa kinh nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 kia l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi v\u00e0 ba tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an l\u1ea1c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3m m\u00e0u nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean (dualit\u00e9).<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb, trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Tuy ba tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (an l\u1ea1c, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i cao nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n. N\u1ebfu gia t\u0103ng, trau gi\u1ed3i ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh m\u1eafc, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ef1 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i \u1ea5n, Ho\u1ea1t \u00d0\u1ed9ng \u1ea4n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed9n c\u0103n. Qua \u1ea5n n\u00e0y, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n \u1ea5n. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, Ho\u1ea1t \u00d0\u1ed9ng \u1ea4n, Karmamudra, chi\u1ebfu theo s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c: 1) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng an b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb b\u1ecbnh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 tr\u00f9 \u1ebfm, 2) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd, ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c, 3) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng sai khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt, 4) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1eef d\u1eb1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c, ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi \u1ea4n v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p \u1ea4n l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho h\u00e0ng trung c\u0103n. V\u1edbi hai \u1ea5n n\u00e0y, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i, c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi Akanistha (Og-minn).<\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi \u1ea4n, Samayamudra, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecd. Ph\u00e1p \u1ea4n, Dharmamudra, l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Th\u1ea7n Linh Qu\u00e1n. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng hai \u1ea5n n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a tam gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n (Mahamudra), con \u1ea5n l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh, l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng l\u1ee3i c\u0103n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh, c\u1ee7a an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh, c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh, c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i t\u00e2m linh v\u1ec1 c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0y b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed kh\u00f4n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1i n\u00e0y hay c\u00e1i kia. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u00d0\u1ea1i An L\u1ea1c, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt, sinh t\u1eed hay Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n… N\u00f3 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 t\u00e2m v\u1eeba l\u00e0 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi v\u00f4 th\u1ec9.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 tan h\u00f2a, h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u1ed9n c\u00e1t l\u1eabn v\u1edbi xi m\u0103ng, m\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u00f2a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eady. T\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a \u00fd ni\u1ec7m (hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m: c\u1ea3 hai c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n. Nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c nh\u01b0ng ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf hay ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ch\u00fang; khi nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh th\u00ec t\u1ef1 ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thanh t\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m, \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n c\u1ea3 ba c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi v\u00f4 th\u1ec9. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: “v\u00f4 minh c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc?” ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c chi h\u1ecfi: “g\u00e0 (con) c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc?”. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean c\u00f3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 minh, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 minh tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i sau m\u1edbi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. Song le, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eefa, th\u1ebf ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 sao? \u00dd ni\u1ec7m (v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng) th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n trong Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u00fd ni\u1ec7m. \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra \u00fd ni\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n n\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Vajradhara xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn Tilopa, Naropa, Marpa, Milar\u00e9pa, Gampopa v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ecfa ra nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Gampopa g\u1ed3m gi\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Shang, Barom, Drikhung Kagyu, Pagmo Drupa. T\u1eeb Pagmo Drupa l\u1ea1i chia ra c\u00e1c gi\u00f2ng Tag-Lung, Tchugna, Mary\u00e9, Shub-s\u00e9oua, Tropu, Yazang v\u00e0 Drukpa Kagyu. Ri\u00eang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, gi\u00f2ng Karma Kamtsang Kagyu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb Gampopa, r\u1ed3i Tusum Khyenpa (Karmapa \u0111\u1ec7 I) xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ta l\u00e0 Keuntchok Yenlag (Shamar Rinpoch\u00e9 \u0111\u1ec7 V). N\u1ebfu tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

L\u1eddi ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/p>\n

Trong t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1eadn ra t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n tu t\u1eadp n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng tr\u00edch d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb Kinh t\u1ea1ng. D\u00f9 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e2m s\u00e2u, t\u00f4i, Mipam Tcheu Ouang, Vajreshvara (Karmapa Ouang Tchuk Dorj\u00e9 \u0111\u1ec7 IX, 1556-1603) \u0111\u00e3 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00fang theo l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, t\u1ea1i Tu vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Sho-Ka-Ouor, th\u1ec3 theo l\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Samd\u00e9 Lama Rabjam Mawa Samten Kunga.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ch\u00fat c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0o, t\u00f4i xin h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea7u cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh – cha m\u1eb9 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi – th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ed3ng tho\u00e1t ly kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ki\u1ebfn b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

Shoubhamastou sarouadjagatam<\/em>
\nNguy\u1ec7n cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh b\u00ecnh an l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

L\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tu t\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n r\u00f5 ba \u0111i\u1ec1u: Y\u1ec3m ly, B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m v\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

Y\u1ec3m ly l\u00e0 ch\u1eafc th\u1ef1c, th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eddi, sanh t\u00e2m nh\u00e0m l\u00eca, c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. B\u1ed3 \u00d0\u1ec1 T\u00e2m l\u00e0 ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sanh l\u00e0 cha m\u1eb9 anh em t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi. Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh (Vacuit\u00e9, Sunyata) t\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. H\u00e3y c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t sau khi tu t\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u1ecb bi\u00ean. \u00d0\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh (tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n \u00fd th\u1ee9c), \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi theo lu\u1eadn l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u00e1n (Madhyamika).<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp, c\u00f3 4 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 4 thu\u1ed9c Hi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd th\u1ecd gi\u00e1o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb S\u01b0 L\u1ea1t Ma T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean tu t\u1eadp 4 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c Hi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o. Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a 4 ph\u00e1p: Quy l\u1ea1y, Kim Cang qu\u00e1n, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0 La, B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 Du Gi\u00e0, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 (Lama-racine, Root-Guru). N\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a g\u1eb7p ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tin t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean tu t\u1eadp 4 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y. V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n tu t\u1eadp ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu, t\u1ee9c Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n (Shin\u00e9-Lhaktong), \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd, v\u00e0 trong nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Tu thi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch nghe Kinh, tham v\u1ea5n h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi b\u1eadc Th\u1ea7y, thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c. B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t S\u01a1 \u00d0\u1ecba c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t Nh\u1ecb \u00d0\u1ecba, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t Th\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ecba c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi \u00d0\u1eb3ng Gi\u00e1c. Ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm Th\u1ea7y h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o cho khai ng\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai ng\u1ed9 r\u1ed3i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1o. \u00d0\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eady m\u1edbi s\u1edbm gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, s\u1edbm ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb ng\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p cho l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec1n r\u1ed3i t\u1ef1 m\u00e3n ng\u00e2m th\u01a1 v\u1ecbnh kh\u00fac. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm Th\u1ea7y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 x\u00e9t soi, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean nghe n\u00f3i ai hay, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, c\u00f3 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng tin theo.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0i l\u1eddi nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p xin vui l\u00f2ng b\u1ecf qua, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. D\u00f9 c\u00f3 h\u1eadn th\u00f9 hay y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u01b0a th\u00edch hay ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc kia v\u1eabn ch\u1ea3y, m\u00e2y kia v\u1eabn tr\u00f4i …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 \u0110\u1ea0I TH\u1ee6 \u1ea4N (Mahamudra) Ouang Tchuk Dorj\u00e9 Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed Si\u00eau d\u1ecbch   M\u1ee5c L\u1ee5c L\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u L\u1eddi t\u1ef1a M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u CH\u01af\u01a0NG I: D\u1ef1 \u2026 Continue \u00e0 lire → <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1599,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-onecolumn.php","meta":{"_mc_calendar":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5258","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5258"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5258\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5266,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5258\/revisions\/5266"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1599"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}