{"id":5255,"date":"2015-12-23T13:34:51","date_gmt":"2015-12-23T13:34:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/?page_id=5255"},"modified":"2015-12-23T13:39:21","modified_gmt":"2015-12-23T13:39:21","slug":"thu-an-cua-duc-phat-y-nghia-sau-xa-cua-thu-an","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/?page_id=5255","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n C\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt – \u00dd Ngh\u0129a S\u00e2u Xa C\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
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V\u00c0I \u1ea4N QUY\u1ebeT TH\u00d4NG TH\u01af\u1edcNG\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>
\nTRONG H\u00ccNH T\u01af\u1ee2NG PH\u1eacT GI\u00c1O<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>B\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh V\u00f5 Quang Y\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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\u0110\u00f3a hoa l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh d\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ea5ng T\u1eeb Th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i>
\nM\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea3n mu\u00f4n v\u1ea1n l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i>T\u00f4n N\u1eef H\u1ef7 Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

T<\/span><\/span><\/b>rong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt qua h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb Ng\u00e0i qua h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc l\u1ecdng, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ng\u00f4i, m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft ch\u00e2n hay con ng\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i. Qua \u0111\u1ea7u C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, phong c\u00e1ch Hy-\u1ea4n Gandhara v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t qua nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh quy t\u1eafc. Nh\u1eefng mudra<\/b> m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 yin, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt in-z\u00f4, ta d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef \u1ea5n<\/b>, th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n<\/b>, hay th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft<\/b>, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh. Th\u1eadt ra, nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba trong tranh \u1ea3nh \u1ea4n gi\u00e1o, v\u1eeba trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt du gi\u00e0 hay yoga, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p ch\u00fang trong nh\u1eefng tranh v\u1ebd, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 tinh th\u1ea7n, th\u1edd c\u00fang, nghi l\u1ec5, \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o s\u0129 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u00fac t\u1ee5ng ni\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i kinh thi\u00eang, nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o b\u00ed truy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ee9ng, ng\u1ed3i, b\u1eaft tay, x\u1ebfp ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tu\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u1ed3T\u00e1t, La H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u1ea5n. Trong nghi l\u1ec3 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00f3n tay, ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u1ea5n<\/b>, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng th\u1ea7n di\u1ec7u, gi\u00fap ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t. Trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt nh\u1ea3y m\u00faa \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c th\u00e0nh “ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng”, m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00edch, nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 ra m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. C\u0169ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u khi bi\u1ebft \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a tinh th\u1ea7n l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd, nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u1ea5y. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh yoga (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 yogin) th\u01b0\u1eddng hay d\u00f9ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e8m theo hay \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0y nay nh\u1eefng mudra g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m trong c\u00e1c tranh v\u1ebd hay h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n gi\u00e1o ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 yoga \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u l\u00ean nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ea7y. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng ca v\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e0 lu\u00f4n c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e8m theo nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u1ea4n quy\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ban c\u1ea5p cho b\u00e0n tay \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi l\u1ec5.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
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Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Khu\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i>
\nOrsay (mi\u1ec1n nam Paris)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Mudra<\/b> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi mantra<\/b>, m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea5n. Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t nghi l\u1ec5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1o s\u0129 v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t mantra v\u1eeba x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cho b\u00e0n tay, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo ch\u1eef, theo c\u00e2u hay \u00e2m vang c\u1ee7a gi\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ecdc. T\u1eeb thu\u1edf v\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mudra v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n mudra \u0111u\u1ee3c. Mudra nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c minh gi\u00e1o s\u0129 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n n\u1eafm gi\u1eef ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh. Quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng trong mantra r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m trong tay nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o v\u00ec m\u1ecdi sai l\u1ea7m trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ph\u00e1 h\u1ea1i m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u00ean tai, \u0111\u00f3i kh\u1ed5, chi\u1ebfn tranh. Ta hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec sao nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi tinh hoa v\u00e0 \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o s\u0129 B\u00e0 La M\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1ch gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n. R\u00fat cu\u1ed9c, cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p mudra va mantra bao h\u00e0m m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh th\u1ea7n di\u1ec7u m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o s\u0129, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u00e2u xa. Mudra c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n khi th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn y khoa, g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng. Trong m\u00f4n yoga, n\u1ebfu mudra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00e2n th\u1ec3, t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p hay, n\u00f3i chung, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng m\u1ecdi ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a tay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i tin b\u00e0n tay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u00f3c n\u00e3o, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u00e0n tay l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n. \u0110i xa h\u01a1n, mudra ng\u00f3n tay li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

Trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, mudra tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u cho d\u00e2n ch\u00fang nh\u01b0ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. N\u00f3 thay th\u1ebf nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ea7n, v\u1ea1ch ra m\u1ed9t quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mudra trong c\u00e1c cu\u00f4c t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m hay t\u1eadp trung, c\u00e1c tu s\u0129 mong \u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi th\u1ea7n linh. V\u00ec v\u1eady h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng mudra trong s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nghi l\u1ec5 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng, kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u. Khi g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh gi\u00e1c mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t, nh\u1eefng jogin th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c b\u00e0n tay. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u00ecn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u00e0n tay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi jogin. Theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i shingon, c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u mudra v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u00e0n tay g\u1ee3i l\u00ean th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng ngay trong b\u00e0n tay. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed7i mudra nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt hay ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt hay m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, mudra ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc, ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt. Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Hi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea5n Anjali-mudra khi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0i \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 Thi\u1ec1n \u1ea5n Dhyana (hay Samadhi)-mudra, \u0110\u1ecba x\u00fac \u1ea5n Bhumisparsha-mudra, Chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n \u1ea5n Dharmacakra-mudra, V\u00f4 \u00fay \u1ea5n Abhaya-mudra, Th\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n \u00e2n Varada-mudra, Gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a \u1ea5n Vitarka-mudra trong h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1eefng mudra trong c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Sau \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 xin b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed7i \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft hai \u1ea3nh, m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u1ee5p \u1edf vi\u1ec7n B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Guimet.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
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Gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a<\/span><\/span><\/b>
\n\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n

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Chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span><\/b>
\nlu\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n

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Th\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/b>
\n\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n

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V\u00f4 \u00fay<\/span><\/span><\/b>
\n\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n

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\u0110\u1ecba x\u00fac<\/span><\/span><\/b>
\n\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n

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Hi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span><\/b>
\n\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n

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Thi\u1ec1n \u1ea5n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0 <\/b>H\u00ednh tr\u00edch Dictionnaire encyclop\u00e9dique du Bouddhisme<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eadp trung t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn Gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, Ng\u00e0i ng\u1ed3i x\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng Padmasana, hai tay \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ee5ng, ng\u00f3n tay du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay m\u1eb7t, hai ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i ch\u1ea1m nhau, gan b\u00e0n tay ng\u1eeda l\u00ean tr\u00ean, c\u00f3 khi b\u1eaft ch\u00e9o th\u00e0nh g\u00f3c 45 \u0111\u1ed9, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t mudra r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n \u1ea5n Dhyana-mudra <\/b>(hay Samadhi-mudra<\/b>), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Gandhara hay t\u1eeb tri\u1ec1u Ng\u1ee5y b\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Trong mudra n\u1ea7y, hai ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o nhau l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh tam gi\u00e1c th\u1ea7n b\u00ed, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1edfng Tam B\u1ea3o Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p T\u0103ng hay, theo nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4n ph\u00e1i b\u00ed truy\u1ec1n, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda th\u1ea7n b\u00ed thi\u00eau h\u1ee7y m\u1ecdi \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee9c A Di \u0110\u00e0, \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Bhaishajyaguru t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ee9c D\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt. \u1ede b\u00ean Nh\u1eadt n\u00f3 mang t\u00ean Yakushi Nyorai v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam tr\u00ean hai tay m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u00e9n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u00edt \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y Thi\u1ec1n \u1ea5n kh\u00e1c : hai tay r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi th\u00e2n, dang th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean ngang ng\u1ef1c, hai ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00ednh v\u1edbi hai ng\u00f3n ch\u1ec9 (v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao Jobon), hai ng\u00f3n gi\u1eefa (v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u1eeba Chubon) hay hai ng\u00f3n nh\u1eabn (v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ea5p Gebon). Mudra n\u1ea7y d\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u1ee9c A Di \u0110\u00e0 Amitabha, b\u00ean Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n mang t\u00ean Amida J\u00f4-in, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m, gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n, \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u00f5i T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1ef1c l\u1ea1c. Theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, Thi\u1ec1n \u1ea5n l\u00e0 mudra c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt khi ng\u1ed3i nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1, say s\u01b0a trong cu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t : \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng yogin tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia, khi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o gi\u1eefa suy ngh\u0129, b\u00ecnh t\u00e2m, th\u01b0 th\u00e1i trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp trung t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
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Ch\u00f9a B\u00fat Th\u00e1p – H\u00e0 B\u1eafc<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n
Bayon – Cao M\u00ean (Vbt Guimet)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Thi\u1ec1n \u1ea5n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/p>\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt quy\u1ebft ng\u1ed3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y n\u00ean khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch, Ng\u00e0i vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ecba x\u00fac \u1ea5n Bhumisparsha-mudra<\/b>, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng lay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng Ph\u1eadt Akshobhya. Ng\u00e0i ng\u1ed3i x\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng Padmasana, tay m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay du\u1ed7i ra \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 khi ch\u1ec9 ng\u00f3n ch\u1ec9, tay tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f9i tr\u00e1i, gan b\u00e0n tay h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ean Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u00e0n tay m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, gan tay h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi Anzan-in t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00fai non, hay Anchin-in ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u1ea5y t\u00ednh ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 g\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng qu\u1ef7 s\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Mara, v\u1eady th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t mudra chinh ph\u1ee5c qu\u1ec9 s\u1ee9. Trong v\u00e0i h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ed truy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ee9c V\u00f4 \u0110\u1ed9ng Ph\u1eadt Akshobhya \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1edbi tay m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0ng tay tr\u00e1i v\u1eaft m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1t \u00e1o l\u00ean ngang ng\u1ef1c. \u1ede H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00ec ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn n\u00ean c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee9c A Di \u0110\u00e0 Amitabha v\u1edbi mudra n\u1ea7y. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
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Ayuthaya – Th\u00e1i Lan<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n
Mandalay – Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n (Vbt Guimet)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0110\u1ecba x\u00fac \u1ea5n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/p>\n

Khi Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a hai tay l\u00ean ngang ng\u1ef1c, gan tay tr\u00e1i h\u01b0\u1edbng ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc, gan tay m\u1eb7t h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay x\u00f2e ra g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee5ng tay kia, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p trong Chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n \u1ea5n<\/b> Dharmacakra-mudra<\/b>. \u1ea4n quy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u. \u1ede Ajanta b\u00ean \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, hai tay xa h\u1eb5n nhau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee5ng nhau. Trong phong c\u00e1ch Gandhara, tay m\u1eb7t n\u1eafm th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5m tr\u00f9m l\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay tr\u00e1i. Trong c\u00e1c tranh t\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf ch\u00f9a Horyu-ji b\u00ean Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, tay m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean tr\u00ean tay tr\u00e1i. C\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ecb b\u1ea3n n\u1eefa, hi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n, l\u00e0 hai gan tay h\u01b0\u1edbng ra ngo\u00e0i, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay qu\u1ea5n v\u00e0o nhau, \u0111\u1ee5ng nhau \u1edf \u0111\u1ed1t cu\u1ed1i. Khi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n mudra g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi n\u1ea7y, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee9c Chuy\u1ec3n Lu\u00e2n V\u01b0\u01a1ng Chakravartin, ch\u00faa t\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c to\u00e0n n\u0103ng, \u0111ang quay b\u00e1nh xe m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n trong s\u00e1ng l\u00e0m ti\u00eau tan m\u1ecdi b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ngu mu\u1ed9i. Hai tay c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh hai v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n th\u1ea7n b\u00ed, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho hai b\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe. Hai ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c xe ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 hai b\u00e1nh xe t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1ec1n ch\u1eb7t li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3i cho \u0111\u00fang, trong nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ch x\u01b0a b\u00ean \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, b\u00e1nh xe v\u00e0 hoa sen \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Hoa sen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1nh xe m\u00e0 t\u00e1m c\u00e1nh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n B\u00e1t Ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ea1o. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed, Chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n \u1ea5n c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, l\u00fac Ng\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong v\u01b0\u1eddn nh\u1eefng linh d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee9c L\u1ed9c Uy\u1ec3n \u1edf Sarnath. Th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 mudra n\u1ea7y tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Gautama v\u00e0 \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee9c Di L\u1eb7c Maitreya ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecfng hai ch\u00e2n ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc (ki\u1ec3u Bhadrasana), \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee9c A Di \u0110\u00e0 Amitabha.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
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Ch\u00f9a Li\u00ean Ph\u00e1i – H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n
T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng (Vbt Guimet)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n \u1ea5n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 y\u00ean vui, nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, \u0111\u1eebng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, Ng\u00e0i gi\u01a1 tay m\u1eb7t l\u00ean ngang vai, c\u00e1nh tay g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, gan tay h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay d\u00ednh nhau, c\u00f2n tay tr\u00e1i thi th\u1ea3 l\u1ecfng xu\u1ed1ng theo c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam, \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf b\u00ean L\u00e0o, V\u00f4 \u00fay \u1ea5n Abhaya-mudra<\/b> n\u1ea7y th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7u b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee9ng hay, \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, \u0111ang t\u1eeb C\u00f5i tr\u1eddi \u0110\u00e2u su\u1ea5t Tusita xu\u1ed1ng. \u1ede \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai tay \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u01a1 l\u00ean hai b\u00ean ng\u1ef1c hay, \u00edt h\u01a1n, tay m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean nh\u01b0ng gi\u01a1 l\u00ean ngang \u0111\u1ea7u. \u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, nhi\u1ec1u tu s\u0129 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u00f3 khi ng\u00f3n c\u1ea3 tay m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt thu\u1ed9c m\u00f4n ph\u00e1i Shingon. Mudra d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u n\u1ea7y ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00ec gi\u01a1 tay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi t\u1ecf ra m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 th\u00e2n m\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed5, \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng vua La M\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh quy t\u1eafc v\u1eeba \u0111em l\u1ea1i h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. Trong s\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t con voi hung d\u1eef li\u1ec1n gi\u01a1 tay nh\u01b0 \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i voi, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady mudra kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u1ee3i l\u00ean \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3, \u0111em l\u1ea1i y\u00ean t\u0129nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh. Trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Gandhara v\u00e0 sau n\u1ea7y \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 Ng\u1ee5y, T\u00f9y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 4-6, mudra n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p. \u1ede c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc, trong h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh, \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi tay tr\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c nh\u01b0 Th\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n \u1ea5n Varada-mudra, ho\u1eb7c, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ng\u1ed3i, gan tay m\u1eb7t h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean, l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i Abhaya-Varada-mudra m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Segan-semui-in.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
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Ch\u00f9a D\u00e2u – H\u00e0 B\u1eafc<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n
Tu vi\u1ec7n Kapica Patava-Pakistan\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i>
\n(Vbt Guimet)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

V\u00f4 \u00fay \u1ea5n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/p>\n

Th\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n \u1ea5n Varada-mudra <\/b>t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho l\u00f2ng tr\u1eafc \u1ea9n, t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n, th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp, d\u00e2ng hi\u1ebfn, bi\u1ebfu t\u1eb7ng, \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u1ec7n chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u1edbi tay tr\u00e1i, c\u00e1nh tay ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng theo d\u1ecdc c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, gan tay m\u1edf ra h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, gan tay h\u01a1i h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay du\u1ed7i ra hay h\u01a1i co. Mudra n\u1ea7y gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi V\u00f4 \u00fay \u1ea5n Abhaya-mudra nh\u01b0ng hai \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00e0n tay kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u0169ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 v\u00e0i h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt hay v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y v\u1edbi tay m\u1eb7t. Trong c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eddi Ng\u1ee5y hay th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Asuka, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1edd, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo ra, hai ng\u00f3n gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n ch\u1ec9 t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 khi l\u00e0 ng\u00f3n nh\u1eabn hay ng\u00f3n \u00fat nh\u01b0 \u1edf t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Yakushi trong to\u00e0 Kondo ch\u00f9a Horyu-ji. Qua \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay h\u1ebft c\u00f2n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1edd v\u00e0 \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u u\u1ed1n cong. \u1ede \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, t\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Gupta (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 4-5), mudra n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u00e1n Th\u1ebf \u00c2m Avalokiteshvara. S\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt d\u1eabn t\u00edch Qu\u00e1n Th\u1ebf \u00c2m trong cu\u1ed9c th\u0103m vi\u1ebfng \u1edf c\u00f5i \u00e2m ti, \u0111\u00e3 cho n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb c\u00e1nh tay th\u1ecfng xu\u1ed1ng theo \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. Mudra n\u1ea7y \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t mudra kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi Abhaya-mudra (Abhaya tay m\u1eb7t, Varada tay tr\u00e1i) th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Trong c\u00e1c \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i n\u1ea7y, khi hai ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ee5ng nhau, \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n mudra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 An-i-in v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0m ngu\u00f4i, l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu. Mudra n\u1ea7y th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a \u1ea5n Vitarka-mudra m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u trong \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y tay tr\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft kia.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u00f9a D\u00e2u – H\u00e0 B\u1eafc<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n
Kyaunktawgyi – Mandalay Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i>
\n(Vbt Guimet)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Th\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n \u1ea5n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/p>\n

Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, Gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a \u1ea5n Vitarka-mudra<\/b> gi\u1ed1ng v\u1eeba Abhaya-mudra v\u1eeba Varada-mudra, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi hay tai nh\u01b0 trong \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i Abhaya-Varada-mudra, hai ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u hai ng\u00f3n ch\u1ec9. Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 thuy\u1ebft gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, k\u1ef3 b\u00e0n c\u1ea3i, bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn. \u1ea4n quy\u1ebft c\u0169ng c\u00f2n \u0111u\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi bi\u1ec7n minh \u1ea5n v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1ch thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a tin \u0111\u1ea1o. B\u00ean Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, mudra n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Khi \u1edf b\u00e0n tay m\u1eb7t ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n ch\u1ec9 gh\u00e9p v\u1edbi nhau, tay tr\u00e1i v\u00e9n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1t \u00e1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt g\u1ecdi \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 Kesa-ken-in ; khi tay m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u1ef1c, tay tr\u00e1i n\u1eafm v\u1ea1t \u00e1o ngang \u0111\u00f9i hay x\u00ea ra kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 th\u00ec l\u00e0 Nai-segan-in,… B\u00ean Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf b\u00ean Trung Hoa, m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a mudra n\u1ea7y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 An-i-shoshu-in khi tay tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7t theo Vitarka, tay tr\u00e1i theo Varada ngang h\u00e1ng ; khi tay m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1eb7t theo Abhaya, tay tr\u00e1i Varada hay Vitarka mang m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh thu\u1ed1c, mudra mang t\u00ean Yakushi-in \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng D\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt Bhaishajyaguru. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, b\u00ean Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, hi\u1ebfm nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft d\u00e0nh cho h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ea7n T\u00e0i v\u1edbi ng\u00f3n nh\u1eabn gh\u00e9p v\u1edbi ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kichijo-in. Khi \u0111\u1ea7u hai ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n ch\u1ec9 gh\u00e9p v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. B\u00ean T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, v\u1edbi ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f3n n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng n\u1eef th\u1ea7n Tara hay nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. C\u0169ng \u1edf b\u00ean \u1ea5y, trong h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ea7n Yabyum, hai tay ch\u00e9o nhau \u1edf c\u1ed5 tay, gan tay h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ng\u1ef1c, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n h\u01a1i x\u00f2e ra. Trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4n ph\u00e1i b\u00ed truy\u1ec1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong nghi l\u1ec5 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ee9c A Di \u0110\u00e0 Amitabha, Gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a \u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. B\u00ean Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong th\u00e1p Borobudur, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, tr\u00ean lan can th\u1ee9 n\u0103m quanh t\u1ea7ng vu\u00f4ng mandala, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tay m\u1eb7t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Vitarka-mudra, tay tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean v\u1ea1t \u00e1o, gan b\u00e0n tay h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean : \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n Samanthabhadra.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
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Ch\u00f9a L\u00e1ng – H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n
Quan Yin – Trung Qu\u1ed1c (Vbt Guimet)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a \u1ea5n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng khi n\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp cao nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, trong \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba : hai tay ch\u1eafp l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang t\u1ee5ng ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea5n Anjali-mudra<\/b> th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc kinh c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n. R\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng trong kh\u1eafp \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 khi k\u00ednh c\u1ea9n ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi, mudra n\u1ea7y g\u1ee3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2ng hi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu hai tay dang l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t th\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh, s\u00f9ng b\u00e1i. \u1ea4n quy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ea7y qua n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ecd. Trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4n ph\u00e1i b\u00ed truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Kongo-gassho-in t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Vajra-Anjalikarma-mudra, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 Anjali-mudra nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i ch\u00e9o nhau, hai \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00f3n qu\u1ea5n v\u00e0o nhau, hai c\u00e1nh tay h\u01a1i dang ra \u0111\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u00ednh v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ec5 phong ch\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 hai ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i ch\u00e9o nhau m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. \u00dd ngh\u0129a mudra n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 hai tay t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho hai ph\u1ea7n mandala c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n hay s\u1ef1 li\u00ean minh m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (tay tr\u00e1i) v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt (tay m\u1eb7t). Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee9c Quan \u00c2m Fukukensaku, \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft mang t\u00ean Ju-in \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi hai tay \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t, h\u01a1i xa nhau v\u00e0 n\u1eafm \u1edf gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean tinh th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
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Ch\u00f9a B\u1ea3o Quang – Hu\u1ebf<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n
Kiyomigundera – Kyoto Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Hi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea5n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 qua gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. B\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 5 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt lan t\u1ecfa l\u00ean to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc, ph\u00eda t\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn Afghanistan, ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng d\u1ecdc theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01a1 l\u1ee5a qua b\u1eafc Trung Qu\u1ed1c, r\u1ed3i H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ec3n qua T\u00edch Lan, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea7u C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 kh\u1eafp \u00c1 ch\u00e2u. Cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, uy l\u1ef1c tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng \u00edt v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p quanh nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quanh nh\u1eefng quy \u01b0\u1edbc tranh \u1ea3nh, nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o gi\u00fap h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn danh nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt cao si\u00eau, nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y cao qu\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu. Nh\u1eefng mudra l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng “c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 thi\u00eang li\u00eang”, “c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea7n b\u00ed”, “c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 ma thu\u1eadt” gi\u00fap t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 trong s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, mudra d\u00ednh li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tinh th\u1ea7n. V\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb n\u1ed9i dung l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy t\u1eafc h\u00f3a (th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0n tay) theo m\u1ed9t c\u00fa ph\u00e1p (\u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00e0n tay), \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u1edf t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m t\u00ednh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 tr\u00ean n\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea7n linh.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n
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M\u1eebng Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea3n 2554<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/h4>\n

V\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Xu\u00e2n K\u1ef7 S\u1eedu<\/i> 72-73 (2009) 51-55, c\u00f3 b\u1ed5 t\u00fac<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n

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Hand Mudras Of Buddha – Symbols of Deeper Meaning<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n C\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt – \u00dd Ngh\u0129a S\u00e2u Xa C\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n – Chuy\u1ec3n Ng\u1eef: Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn – Ngu\u1ed3n: buddhanet.net, The Royal Grand Hall Of Buddhism<\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0n tay \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u00e2u xa:<\/p>\n

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1) Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Gi\u1ea3ng D\u1ea1y:<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Gi\u1ea3ng D\u1ea1y (Dharmacakra Mudra) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 hai tay \u0111\u01b0a tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o nhau.<\/p>\n

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2) Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n T\u1eeb Bi:<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e0 T\u1eb7ng Ban Cho, Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n T\u1eeb Bi (Varada Mudra) tay ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea3 l\u1ecfng v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay quay ra ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

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3) Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Thi\u1ec1n:<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Thi\u1ec1n (Samadhi Mudra) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 hai tay \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f9i, l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

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4) Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Kh\u00f4ng S\u1ee3 H\u00e3i:<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Kh\u00f4ng S\u1ee3 H\u00e3i (Abhaya Mudra) \u0111\u1ec3 tay ph\u1ea3i h\u01a1i cao, l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay quay ra ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n T\u1eeb B\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

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5) Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Tranh Lu\u1eadn:<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Tranh Lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt (Vitaka Mudra) v\u1edbi b\u00e0n tay n\u00e2ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o nhau.<\/p>\n

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6) Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Tr\u00e1nh \u00c1c:<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Tr\u00e1nh \u00c1c (Tarjani Mudra) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay tr\u1ecf v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n tay \u00fat du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng ra.<\/p>\n

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7) Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n C\u1ea7u Nguy\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n C\u1ea7u Nguy\u1ec7n (Namaskara Mudra) \u0111\u1ec3 hai l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay ch\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o nhau.<\/p>\n

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8) Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n V\u01b0\u1ee3t Tho\u00e1t Kh\u1ed5 \u0110au:<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n V\u01b0\u1ee3t Tho\u00e1t Kh\u1ed5 \u0110au (Buddha-Shramana Mudra) c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n T\u1eeb B\u1ecf C\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 Tu Kh\u1ed5 H\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

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9) Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Tr\u00e1nh \u00c1c:<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Tr\u00e1nh \u00c1c (Bhutadamara Mudra) n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

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Th\u00ed D\u1ee5: (Ngu\u1ed3n: The Royal Grand Hall Of Buddhism)<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt V\u1edbi Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Kh\u00f4ng S\u1ee3 H\u00e3i<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt V\u1edbi Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n Gi\u1ea3ng D\u1ea1y<\/p>\n

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Hand Mudras Of Buddha – Symbols of Deeper Meaning – Source: buddhanet.net, The Royal Grand Hall Of Buddhism<\/p>\n

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The symbolic gestures of the hands of Buddha images, called mudras, are picture tools of identification of deeper meaning:<\/p>\n

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1) Gesture Of Teaching:<\/p>\n

The Gesture of Teaching (Dharmacakra Mudra) with both hands in front of the breast, tips of the index fingers and the thumbs touching.<\/p>\n

2) Gesture Of Compassion:<\/p>\n

The Gift bestowing Gesture of Compassion (Varada Mudra) the right hand pendant with the palm turned outwards.<\/p>\n

3) Gesture Of Meditation:<\/p>\n

The Gesture of Meditation (Samadhi Mudra) with both hands resting on the lap, palms upwards.<\/p>\n

4) Gesture Of Fearlessness:<\/p>\n

The Gesture of Fearlessness (Abhaya Mudra) the right hand slightly elevated, the palm turned outwards, also called the Gesture of Renunciation.<\/p>\n

5) Gesture Of Debate:<\/p>\n

The Gesture of Debate explaining the Buddha\u2019s teachings (Vitaka Mudra) with the hands raised and the tips of the forefingers and the thumbs touch each other.<\/p>\n

6) Gesture Warding Off Evil:<\/p>\n

The Gesture Warding off Evil (Tarjani Mudra) with forefinger and little finger outstretched.<\/p>\n

7) Gesture Of Prayer:<\/p>\n

The Gesture of Prayer (Namaskara Mudra) with the palms folded together.<\/p>\n

8) Gesture Beyond Misery:<\/p>\n

The Gesture Beyond Misery (Buddha-Shramana Mudra) also called an ascetic\u2019s Gesture of Renunciation.<\/p>\n

9) Gesture Of Warding Off Evil:<\/p>\n

The Gesture of Warding off Evil (Bhutadamara Mudra) this is a protection gesture.<\/p>\n

Example: (Source: The Royal Grand Hall Of Buddhism)<\/p>\n

Buddha With The Gesture Of Fearlessness<\/p>\n

Buddha With The Gesture Of Teaching<\/p>\n

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\u1ea4n quy\u1ebft trong h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/h3>\n
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\u1ea4N QUY\u1ebeT TRONG H\u00ccNH T\u01af\u1ee2NG PH\u1eacT GI\u00c1O<\/h2>\n
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Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Khu\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t<\/i> Orsay
\nmi\u1ec1n nam Paris<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt qua h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb Ng\u00e0i qua m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc l\u1ecdng, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ng\u00f4i, m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft ch\u00e2n hay con ng\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i.
\n\u0110\u1ea7u C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, phong c\u00e1ch Hy-\u1ea4n Gandhara v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t qua nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh quy t\u1eafc. Nh\u1eefng mudra m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 yin, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt in-z\u00f4, ta d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef \u1ea5n, th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n, hay th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh.<\/i>
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\n\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ee9ng, ng\u1ed3i, b\u1eaft tay, x\u1ebfp ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tu\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u1ed3T\u00e1t, La H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft (mudra). Trong nghi l\u1ec5 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00f3n tay, ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u1ea5n, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng th\u1ea7n di\u1ec7u, gi\u00fap ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t. Trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u00faa \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c th\u00e0nh “ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng”. \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng ca v\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e0 lu\u00f4n c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e8m theo nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u1ea4n quy\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ban c\u1ea5p cho b\u00e0n tay \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi l\u1ec5.<\/i><\/div>\n
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Mudra th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi mantra, m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea5n. Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t nghi l\u1ec5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1o s\u0129 v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t mantra v\u1eeba x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cho b\u00e0n tay, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo ch\u1eef, theo c\u00e2u hay \u00e2m vang c\u1ee7a gi\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ecdc.\u00a0<\/i><\/div>\n

Trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, mudra tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt.<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Thi\u1ec1n \u1ea5n.<\/b>
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Khi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eadp trung t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn Gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, Ng\u00e0i ng\u1ed3i x\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng Padmasana, hai tay \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ee5ng, ng\u00f3n tay du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay m\u1eb7t, hai ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i ch\u1ea1m nhau, gan b\u00e0n tay ng\u1eeda l\u00ean tr\u00ean, c\u00f3 khi b\u1eaft ch\u00e9o th\u00e0nh g\u00f3c 45 \u0111\u1ed9, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t mudra r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n \u1ea5n Dhyana-mudra (hay Samadhi-mudra).<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
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Bayon. Campuchia<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
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Ch\u00f9a B\u00fat Th\u00e1p. Vi\u1ec7t nam<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Hai ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o nhau l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh tam gi\u00e1c th\u1ea7n b\u00ed, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1edfng Tam B\u1ea3o Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p T\u0103ng hay, theo nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4n ph\u00e1i b\u00ed truy\u1ec1n, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda th\u1ea7n b\u00ed thi\u00eau h\u1ee7y m\u1ecdi \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
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Ch\u00f9a T<\/i>h\u00e1i lan<\/i><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
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\u0110\u1ecba x\u00fac \u1ea5n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u0110\u1ecba x\u00fac \u1ea5n.<\/b> Bhumisparsha-mudra.\u00a0\u00a0<\/i><\/div>\n
D\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt quy\u1ebft ng\u1ed3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y n\u00ean khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch, Ng\u00e0i vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n.<\/div>\n
\u0110\u1ecba x\u00fac \u1ea5n Bhumisparsha-mudra, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng lay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng Ph\u1eadt Akshobhya. Ng\u00e0i ng\u1ed3i x\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng Padmasana, tay m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay du\u1ed7i ra \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 khi ch\u1ec9 ng\u00f3n ch\u1ec9, tay tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f9i tr\u00e1i, gan b\u00e0n tay h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n
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Ayuthaya – Th\u00e1i Lan<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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Ayuthaya – Th\u00e1i Lan<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
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Chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n \u1ea5n<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n \u1ea5n.<\/b> Dharmacakra-mudra.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a hai tay l\u00ean ngang ng\u1ef1c, gan tay tr\u00e1i h\u01b0\u1edbng ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc, gan tay m\u1eb7t h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay x\u00f2e ra g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee5ng tay kia, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p.Chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n \u1ea5n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt xem nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee9c Chuy\u1ec3n Lu\u00e2n V\u01b0\u01a1ng Chakravartin, ch\u00faa t\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c to\u00e0n n\u0103ng, \u0111ang quay b\u00e1nh xe m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n trong s\u00e1ng l\u00e0m ti\u00eau tan m\u1ecdi b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ngu mu\u1ed9i. Hai tay th\u00e0nh hai v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n th\u1ea7n b\u00ed, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho hai b\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe. Hai ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c xe ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 hai b\u00e1nh xe t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1ec1n ch\u1eb7t li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/div>\n
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Ch\u00f9a Li\u00ean Ph\u00e1i – H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
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T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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Ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1i lan<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Hai tay c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh hai v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n th\u1ea7n b\u00ed, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho hai b\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe. Hai ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c xe ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 hai b\u00e1nh xe t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1ec1n ch\u1eb7t li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Trong nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ch x\u01b0a b\u00ean \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, b\u00e1nh xe v\u00e0 hoa sen \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Hoa sen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1nh xe m\u00e0 t\u00e1m c\u00e1nh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n B\u00e1t Ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n
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V\u00f4 \u00fay \u1ea5n<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
V\u00f4 \u00fay \u1ea5n.<\/b> Abhaya-mudra.<\/div>\n
Bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 y\u00ean vui, nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, \u0111\u1eebng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u01a1 tay m\u1eb7t l\u00ean ngang vai, c\u00e1nh tay g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, gan tay h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay d\u00ednh nhau, c\u00f2n tay tr\u00e1i thi th\u1ea3 l\u1ecfng xu\u1ed1ng theo c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.
\nTrong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam, \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf b\u00ean L\u00e0o, V\u00f4 \u00fay \u1ea5n th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7u b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee9ng hay, \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, \u0111ang t\u1eeb C\u00f5i tr\u1eddi \u0110\u00e2u su\u1ea5t Tusita xu\u1ed1ng. \u1ede \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai tay \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u01a1 l\u00ean hai b\u00ean ng\u1ef1c hay, \u00edt h\u01a1n, tay m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean nh\u01b0ng gi\u01a1 l\u00ean ngang \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/div>\n
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Ch\u00f9a D\u00e2u – H\u00e0 B\u1eafc<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
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Tu vi\u1ec7n Kapica Patava-Pakistan<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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Ch\u00f9a D\u00e2u H\u00e0 B\u1eafc<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
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Kyaunktawgyi – Mandalay Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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\u1ea4n Varada-mudra t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho l\u00f2ng tr\u1eafc \u1ea9n, t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n, th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp, d\u00e2ng hi\u1ebfn, bi\u1ebfu t\u1eb7ng, \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u1ec7n chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u1edbi tay tr\u00e1i, c\u00e1nh tay ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng theo d\u1ecdc c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, gan tay m\u1edf ra h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, gan tay h\u01a1i h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay du\u1ed7i ra hay h\u01a1i co.
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/b>
\nTh\u00ed v\u00f4 \u00fay \u1ea5n. <\/b>(pang bpra-taan a-pi hay abhaya mudra)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1i lan<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Khi b\u00e0n tay Ph\u1eadt th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb th\u00f9 hay ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh. T\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf c\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt ng\u1ed3i. C\u00f3 hai bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1nh tay cong \u1edf c\u1ea3 c\u1ed5 tay v\u00e0 khu\u1ef7u tay. C\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay ch\u1ec9 l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay h\u01b0\u1edbng ra ngo\u00e0i. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1nh tay ph\u1ea3i th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c th\u00fa d\u1eef. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai tay th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam c\u1ea5m th\u00e2n nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Th\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n \u1ea5n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
Th\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n \u1ea5n.<\/b><\/b><\/div>\n
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Ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1i lan<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Varada-mudra t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho l\u00f2ng tr\u1eafc \u1ea9n, t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n, th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp, d\u00e2ng hi\u1ebfn,bi\u1ebfu t\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u1ec7n chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u1edbi tay tr\u00e1i, c\u00e1nh tay ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng theo d\u1ecdc c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, gan tay m\u1edf ra h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, gan tay h\u01a1i h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f3n tay du\u1ed7i ra hay h\u01a1i co. Mudra n\u1ea7y gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi V\u00f4 \u00fay \u1ea5n Abhaya-mudra nh\u01b0ng hai \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00e0n tay kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Tay\u00a0ph\u1ea3i\u00a0c\u1ee7a\u00a0\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt\u00a0ch\u1ec9\u00a0xu\u1ed1ng\u00a0v\u1edbi\u00a0l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay\u00a0ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda\u00a0tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u00a0v\u00e0 c\u00e1c\u00a0ng\u00f3n tay\u00a0m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.\u00a0T\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0th\u1ea5y\u00a0tr\u00ean\u00a0t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt\u00a0\u0111\u1ee9ng\u00a0khi \u0111ang cho ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 th\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a \u1ea5n<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
Gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a \u1ea5n Vitarka-mudra<\/b>gi\u1ed1ng v\u1eeba Abhaya-mudra v\u1eeba Varada-mudra, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi hai tay nh\u01b0 trong \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i Abhaya-Varada-mudra, hai ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u hai ng\u00f3n ch\u1ec9. Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 thuy\u1ebft gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, k\u1ef3 b\u00e0n c\u1ea3i, bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn. \u1ea4n quy\u1ebft c\u0169ng c\u00f2n \u0111u\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi bi\u1ec7n minh \u1ea5n v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1ch thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a tin \u0111\u1ea1o<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n
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Ch\u00f9a D\u00e2u – H\u00e0 B\u1eafc<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
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Quan Yin – Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
Ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n tay tr\u1ecf, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u1edf b\u00e0n tay ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o nhau, c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean. C\u00e1nh tay cong n\u01a1i khu\u1ef7u tay v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 tay. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111ang nh\u1eb1m k\u00eau g\u1ecdi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng qua t\u01b0 duy l\u00f4gic v\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn.<\/div>\n
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Ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1i lan<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
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\"\"<\/a>\u00a0<\/b><\/div>\n

Hi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea5n- <\/b>Anjali-mudra. \u1ea4<\/b>n quy\u1ebft th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp cao nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, trong \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba : hai tay ch\u1eafp l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang t\u1ee5ng ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea5n Anjali-mudra th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc kinh c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Khi k\u00ednh c\u1ea9n ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi, mudra n\u1ea7y g\u1ee3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2ng hi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu hai tay dang l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t th\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh, s\u00f9ng b\u00e1i.<\/div>\n
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Kiyomigundera – Kyoto Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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Ch\u00f9a B\u1ea3o Quang<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ea5n quy\u1ebft trong nghi l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

Quan \u00c2m \u1ea5n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u1eef R\u1ea3m<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
tay tr\u00e1i d\u00f9ng \u1ea5n \u201cKi\u1ebft-t\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d v\u1ebd ch\u1eef R\u1ea2M, s\u1eafc tr\u1eafng v\u00e0o trong l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay m\u1eb7t 3 l\u1ea7n. K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn tay m\u1eb7t c\u0169ng k\u1ebft \u1ea5n \u201cKi\u1ebft-t\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d v\u1ebd v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay tr\u00e1i y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ch\u1eef R\u1ea2M l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n h\u00e0m \u1ea9n \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh, c\u00f2n m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng-tr\u01b0ng cho s\u1ef1 trong s\u1ea1ch.<\/div>\n
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\u1ea4n-quy\u1ebft: (C\u00e1ch b\u1eaft \u1ea5n)
\nNg\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i n\u1eafm co \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00f3n v\u00f4-danh (\u00e1p-\u00fat). Ba ng\u00f3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i: tr\u1ecf, gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 \u00fat du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng ra l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh \u1ea5n.Chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9c b\u1ed9 \u1ea5n.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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Chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec1<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
H\u1ed9 th\u1ea7n \u1ea5n.<\/i>
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\u00a0<\/i>KIM-CANG QUY\u1ec0N \u1ea4N<\/span><\/p>\n

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V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean hoa.<\/span><\/p>\n

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————————————————————————————-<\/p>\n

10 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Mudras \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n

Mudras ho\u1eb7c c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 tay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n. Trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng V\u1ec7 \u0110\u00e0, c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay c\u1ee7a b\u00e0n tay t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho n\u0103m y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi: kh, l?a, n??c, tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ether. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ng\u00f3n tay c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft th\u00fac r\u1ec5 th\u1ea7n kinh t\u1eadp trung m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed. Tr\u00ean ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o ng\u00f3n tay l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a channelizes c\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Prana) trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i du l\u1ecbch th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u00e1c lu\u00e2n xa kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n, \u1ea5n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \/ con d\u1ea5u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c nhau, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c khi\u00eau v\u0169, yoga v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Trong yoga, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mudras k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Pranayama (c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1edf), kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Trong khi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, Thi\u1ec1n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mudras trong thi\u1ec1n ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u01b0\u1eddi mudras quan tr\u1ecdng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng mudras. Nh\u01b0 mudras c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n, b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp sinh l\u1ef1c cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. 1) Curran Mudra \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u1ea5n ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Mudra n\u00e0y, c\u0103ng tay c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, ho\u1eb7c theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ec1u ngang. Xoay l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i \u1ea5n xu\u1ed1ng hai ng\u00f3n tay gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n tay h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1eb3ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1ea5n n\u00e0y gi\u00fap tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c ra kh\u1ecfi t\u00e2m tr\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. 2) Varada Mudra C\u1eed ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a cung c\u1ea5p, hoan ngh\u00eanh, t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n, cho, l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 tay tr\u00e1i, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1nh tay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c treo t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay h\u01b0\u1edbng ra ngo\u00e0i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. 3) Uttarabodhi Mudra N\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i cao v\u00ec n\u00f3 t\u00ednh m\u1ed9t v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 rung. C\u00e1c \u1ea5n gi\u00fap m\u1ed9t trong duy tr\u00ec k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Mudra n\u00e0y, c\u1ea3 hai tay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf trung t\u00e2m; ng\u00f3n tay tr\u1ecf ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi nhau. C\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1eef c\u00e1c \u1ea5n Uttarabodhi cho m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ph\u00fat v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh t\u1ebf trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. . 4) Namaskara ho\u1eb7c Anjali Mudra Namaskara \u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. Mudra n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5n v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c chakra tim; ng\u00f3n tay ch\u1ec9 tay v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi. C\u00e1c \u1ea5n g\u1ee3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng rung \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn \/ t\u00f4n th\u1edd s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong nhau. Mudra n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u1edf l\u1ea1i trong c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n. 5) Vitarka Mudra \u1ea4n n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i l\u00ean n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, ho\u1eb7c tranh lu\u1eadn. Trong c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n tay tr\u1ecf c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean. Mudra n\u00e0y cho ch\u00fang ta n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed. 6) Abhay \u1ea5n Abhay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. Trong Mudra n\u00e0y, tay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 vai v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay tr\u1edf l\u00ean. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t con voi, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ea5n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c (s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i). Mudra n\u00e0y cho ch\u00fang ta n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng. 7) Thi\u1ec1n ER \u1ea4n n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1eb7t c\u1ea3 hai b\u00e0n tay c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u00ean l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi tay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n tay k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay h\u01b0\u1edbng ra ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i; ng\u00f3n tay c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai b\u00e0n tay s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1m t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t tam gi\u00e1c, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c etheric. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Mudra n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi \u00fd th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh an v\u00e0 thanh th\u1ea3n. 8) Bhumisparsha \u1ea5n Bhumisparsha d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bs\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e2y B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 tay c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt khi \u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9. Trong Mudra n\u00e0y, c\u00e1nh tay ph\u1ea3i treo tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay ph\u1ea3i quay v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 tay tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f9i v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay tr\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi tr\u1edf l\u00ean. 9) Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ec \u1ea5n Trong \u1ea5n n\u00e0y c\u1ed5 tay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua, trong tr\u00e1i tim, v\u1edbi c\u00e1nh tay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tr\u00e1i; c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb bi v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. V\u00e0 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ec \u1ea5n, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n \u00e1n, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn, s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9; nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd n\u00f3i, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00f3. 10) Dharmachakra Mudra M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1c c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 tay t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 trong h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chakra \/ b\u00e1nh xe. C\u1ea3 hai b\u00e0n tay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t g\u1ea7n ng\u1ef1c, l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi tr\u00e1i tim v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t ra ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i; ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n nh\u01b0 Vitarka \u1ea5n. \u1ea4n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 trong m\u1ed9t nutshell. Nh? t, c\u00e1c Mudras \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng mudras \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u1edf n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. \u201cT\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb n\u00f3 khi t\u00e2m tr\u00ed t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.\u201d \u2013 Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Yoga
\n————————————————————————————-<\/p>\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n trong t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt Th\u00e1i Lan<\/h1>\n

Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9 –<\/strong> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 h\u01a1n hai ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. T\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia h\u1ea5p thu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc. V\u00ec v\u1eady, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Th\u00e1i Lan kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n (c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a tay) tr\u00ean c\u00e1c pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt n\u1eb1m. Ngo\u00e0i th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n n\u00e0y, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 6 th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa \u1edf t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt Th\u00e1i Lan.<\/p>\n

1. Thi\u1ec1n \u1ea5n (pang sa-maa-ti hay <\/b>dhyana mudra<\/b>)<\/b><\/p>\n

\"wwthien.jpg\"<\/p>\n

C\u1eed ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt ng\u1ed3i. L\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay Ph\u1eadt ng\u1eeda l\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t ngay ng\u1eafn trong l\u00f2ng. T\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y Ph\u1eadt \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung tinh th\u1ea7n nhi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c th\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

2. Th\u00ed v\u00f4 \u00fay \u1ea5n (pang bpra-taan a-pi hay abhaya mudra)<\/b><\/p>\n

\"wwvouy.jpg\"<\/p>\n

Khi b\u00e0n tay Ph\u1eadt th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb th\u00f9 hay ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh. T\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf c\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt ng\u1ed3i. C\u00f3 hai bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1nh tay cong \u1edf c\u1ea3 c\u1ed5 tay v\u00e0 khu\u1ef7u tay. C\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay ch\u1ec9 l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay h\u01b0\u1edbng ra ngo\u00e0i. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1nh tay ph\u1ea3i th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c th\u00fa d\u1eef. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai tay th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam c\u1ea5m th\u00e2n nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

3. Th\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n \u1ea5n (pang bpra-taa pon hay varada mudra)<\/b><\/p>\n

\"wwthinguyen.jpg\"<\/p>\n

Tay\u00a0ph\u1ea3i\u00a0c\u1ee7a\u00a0\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt\u00a0ch\u1ec9\u00a0xu\u1ed1ng\u00a0v\u1edbi\u00a0l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay\u00a0ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda\u00a0tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u00a0v\u00e0 c\u00e1c\u00a0ng\u00f3n tay\u00a0m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.\u00a0T\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0th\u1ea5y\u00a0tr\u00ean\u00a0t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt\u00a0\u0111\u1ee9ng\u00a0khi \u0111ang cho ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 th\u00ed.<\/p>\n

4. X\u00fac \u0111\u1ecba \u1ea5n (\u00a0pang maa-ra-wi-chai hay bhumisparsa mudra)<\/b><\/p>\n

\"wwxucdia.jpg\"<\/p>\n

Trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00a0Ph\u1eadt\u00a0Th\u00e1i\u00a0t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt\u00a0\u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c\u00a0Mara (Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng).\u00a0Mara\u00a0l\u00e0\u00a0m\u1ed9t\u00a0con qu\u1ef7\u00a0c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt.\u00a0Tay\u00a0ph\u1ea3i\u00a0c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean\u00a0c\u1eb3ng ch\u00e2n trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o\u00a0Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t,\u00a0\u0111\u00f4i khi\u00a0ch\u1ec9\u00a0l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng.\u00a0\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0\u00a0t\u01b0 th\u1ebf\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng\u00a0th\u1ea5y\u00a0nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

5. Chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n \u1ea5n (<\/b>dharmacakrapravartana mudra)<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Wchplaun.jpg\"<\/p>\n

Ng\u00f3n tay tr\u1ecf v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u00e0n tay ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o nhau. C\u00e1c ng\u00f3n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0n tay tr\u00e1i ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay ph\u1ea3i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 th\u1ebf r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p. T\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y n\u00f3i l\u00ean vi\u1ec7c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n b\u00e1nh xe ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi b\u00e0i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/b><\/p>\n

6. Gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a \u1ea5n (vitarka mudra)<\/b><\/p>\n

\"wwghoa.jpg\"<\/p>\n

Ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n tay tr\u1ecf, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u1edf b\u00e0n tay ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o nhau, c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean. C\u00e1nh tay cong n\u01a1i khu\u1ef7u tay v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 tay. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111ang nh\u1eb1m k\u00eau g\u1ecdi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng qua t\u01b0 duy l\u00f4gic v\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn.<\/b><\/p>\n

V\u0103n C\u00f4ng H\u01b0ng<\/b> (Theo ArticlesBase<\/i>)<\/p>\n

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C\u01af TR\u1ea6N L\u1ea0C \u0110\u1ea0O<\/strong>
\nC\u01b0 S\u0129 Ch\u00e1nh Tr\u1ef1c<\/b>
\nToronto, Canada Toronto, Canada – TL 2002<\/b><\/p>\n

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Th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a\u00a0Ph\u1eadt th\u00edch ca\u00a0<\/b><\/center>Trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eafc m\u1eafc, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0: H\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca c\u1ee7a trang nh\u00e0 \u0110PNN c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n b\u00e0n tay tr\u00e1i n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean b\u00e0n tay ph\u1ea3i.\u00a0Theo ch\u1ed7 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.\u00a0Xin gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd do.<\/p>\n

* * *<\/center><\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca c\u00f3 th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n b\u00e0n tay ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean b\u00e0n tay tr\u00e1i, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a trang nh\u00e0 \u0110PNN.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c tranh v\u1ebd trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng do c\u00e1c h\u1ecda s\u0129 v\u1ebd ra theo tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft trong kinh s\u00e1ch, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 trong h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0: h\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt A Di \u0110\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3a hoa sen, m\u1ed9t tay c\u1ea7m hoa sen, m\u1ed9t tay gi\u01a1 ra, nh\u01b0 \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u00f3n r\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang sanh v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt \u1edf c\u00f5i c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1c, theo kinh A Di \u0110\u00e0.\u00a0Hoa sen t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho “b\u1ea3n t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh” c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o tu t\u00e2m d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1n”, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd v\u00e3ng sanh t\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1c.\u00a0Ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 tu t\u1eadp s\u01a1 s\u01a1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fat \u00edt c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c, r\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1c sau khi m\u00e3n ph\u1ea7n, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

Trong kinh A Di \u0110\u00e0, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 d\u1ea1y: “B\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u0111\u1eafc sanh b\u1ec9 qu\u1ed1c”.\u00a0Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ch\u00fat \u00edt ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh qua n\u01b0\u1edbc kia (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f5i c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1c).<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0: h\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca ng\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9i b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1, tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3a hoa sen, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a: ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt.\u00a0Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00fac th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9i b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00edch Ca ch\u1ec9 t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m c\u1ecf (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ed3 \u0111o\u00e0n).\u00a0L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n tay m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u00e0n tay tr\u00e1i, hay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0o n\u00f3i r\u00f5.\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u1ea1i sao nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?\u00a0B\u1edfi v\u00ec, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap m\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c ma qu\u00e2n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i g\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n

C\u1ed1t t\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c “t\u00e2m ma” trong l\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an th\u00ec “t\u00e2m Ph\u1eadt” hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9.\u00a0Khi n\u00e0o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sanh trong l\u00f2ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ebft, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo \u0111i \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i xong r\u1ed3i, m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt. T\u1ea1i sao nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?\u00a0B\u1edfi v\u00ec, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang sanh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gian!<\/p>\n

* * *<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u1ed1t t\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m g\u1ecdn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1eef T\u00c2M.\u00a0T\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an t\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac qu\u00ed b\u00e1u nh\u1ee9t tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi.\u00a0T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  V\u00c0I \u1ea4N QUY\u1ebeT TH\u00d4NG TH\u01af\u1edcNG\u00a0 TRONG H\u00ccNH T\u01af\u1ee2NG PH\u1eacT GI\u00c1OB\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh V\u00f5 Quang Y\u1ebfn   \u0110\u00f3a hoa l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh d\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ea5ng T\u1eeb Th\u00e2n \u2026 Continue \u00e0 lire → <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1599,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-onecolumn.php","meta":{"_mc_calendar":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5255","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5255","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5255"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5255\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5262,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5255\/revisions\/5262"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1599"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}