{"id":3974,"date":"2014-02-14T10:31:23","date_gmt":"2014-02-14T10:31:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/?page_id=3974"},"modified":"2014-02-14T10:31:23","modified_gmt":"2014-02-14T10:31:23","slug":"nam-gioi-mot-nep-song-lanh-manh-an-lac-hanh-phuc","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/?page_id=3974","title":{"rendered":"N\u0102M GI\u1edaI: M\u1ed8T N\u1ebeP S\u1ed0NG L\u00c0NH M\u1ea0NH, AN L\u1ea0C, H\u1ea0NH PH\u00daC"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u0102M GI\u1edaI: M\u1ed8T N\u1ebeP S\u1ed0NG
\nL\u00c0NH M\u1ea0NH, AN L\u1ea0C, H\u1ea0NH PH\u00daC<\/p>\n

Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i Gi\u1ea3ng C\u1ee7a H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u
\nT\u1ea1i Thi\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7n V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh, Trong M\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea3n 2537<\/p>\n

— o0o —<\/p>\n

\nH\u1eb1ng n\u0103m, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3n, Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed Thi\u1ec1n vi\u1ec7n V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh c\u00f9ng b\u00e8 b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, v\u00e0 nghe ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n

M\u1ea5y n\u0103m nay, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tranh th\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. Th\u00e1ng ba v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i v\u00e0o hai ng\u00e0y m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t, c\u0169ng t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o trong th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o, ngo\u00e0i ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Li\u00ean Bang \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u00f2n quy t\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u00fd v\u1ecb H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda, \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c, Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i. B\u1ebf m\u1ea1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, tuy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ch\u00fang ta tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n hai ngh\u00ecn r\u01b0\u1ee1i n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn mang \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: S\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f2n n\u00f3i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa:<\/p>\n

“C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i si\u00eang n\u0103ng tu t\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n, nh\u1edd tu t\u1eadp \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, nhan s\u1eafc th\u1eafm t\u01b0\u01a1i, s\u1ed1ng y\u00ean \u1ed5n, vui v\u1ebb, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o, uy t\u00edn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7”. (Tr\u01b0\u1eddng A H\u00e0m Kinh Chuy\u1ec3n lu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng tu h\u00e0nh)<\/p>\n

K\u00ednh th\u01b0a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb!<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed, xu\u1ea5t gia hay t\u1ea1i gia, tu t\u1eadp \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i gia, l\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u0103m gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia, l\u00e0 gi\u1eef m\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1edbi, 250 gi\u1edbi, hay h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed t\u1ea1i gia hay xu\u1ea5t gia, n\u0103m gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u cho m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed hay kh\u00f4ng, s\u1ed1ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch, c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c cho lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i chung, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc, tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Albert Schweitzer, nh\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c. \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft: “\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7, n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 m\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i chung. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t, k\u1ef3 t\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”. (Albert Schweitzer – Indian thought and its development. trg 117 – T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3).<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3ng thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 n\u0103m gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u01a1 qua v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u1ee3i \u00edch thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng theo \u0111\u00fang n\u0103m gi\u1edbi trong th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u0103m gi\u1edbi trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec7n, gi\u1eef n\u0103m gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e8 l\u00ean t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1 n\u0103m gi\u1edbi su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam, khi\u1ebfn anh ta \u0103n kh\u00f4ng ngon, ng\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean… Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec7n, gi\u1eef n\u0103m gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng t\u0103m, \u0111\u1ebfn tham d\u1ef1 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp n\u00e0o c\u0169ng v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e0ng. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u00e1c, ph\u00e1 n\u0103m gi\u1edbi v\u00ec m\u1ea5t l\u00f2ng tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i giao nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng, ti\u1ebfng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed3n xa, \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp n\u00e0o c\u0169ng v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u1ef1 tin.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec7n gi\u1eef n\u0103m gi\u1edbi, s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 vui v\u1ebb, h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ea7n hay xa. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u00e1c, ph\u00e1 n\u0103m gi\u1edbi, v\u00ec b\u1ecb l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1eafn r\u1ee9t, bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y lo l\u1eafng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng vui v\u1ebb s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec7n, gi\u1eef \u0111\u00fang n\u0103m gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o, v\u00ec khi g\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n m\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0m trong \u0111\u1eddi, h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt, Ph\u00e1p, T\u0103ng l\u00e0 Tam B\u1ea3o, ba c\u1ee7a b\u00e1u lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn m\u00ecnh trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u0103m gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 sau khi ch\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f5i l\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u00e1c, ph\u00e1 n\u0103m gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1ng lo \u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u1ebft trong t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i. Anh ta, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c, h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c l\u00e0m trong \u0111\u1eddi, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 anh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 lo \u00e2u \u0111\u00f3, anh ta qua \u0111\u1eddi t\u00e1i sanh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f5i \u00e1c, nh\u01b0 s\u00fac sanh, qu\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. (Xem T\u0103ng chi II trg 211)<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1n “Maha Dhammapala Jataka” (Jatakas T\u1eadp 4., trg 50, B\u1ea3n Anh) k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n thanh ni\u00ean Dhammapala ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00ec th\u1ea5y con trai th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o m\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean, khi c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf tu\u1ed5i. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o h\u1ecfi v\u00ec sao anh ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, th\u00ec anh tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh anh, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ed1ng th\u1ecd v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft gi\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o mu\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang hay kh\u00f4ng, b\u00e8n tranh th\u1ee7 \u0111i th\u0103m gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Dhammapala, v\u1ed1n \u1edf xa, v\u00e0 b\u00e1o tin cho cha Dhammapala r\u1eb1ng Dhammapala \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o ch\u1ebft l\u00fac nh\u1ecf tu\u1ed5i c\u1ea3, v\u00ec t\u1eeb b\u1ea3y \u0111\u1eddi nay, gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng theo \u0111\u00fang n\u0103m gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd s\u1ed1ng theo n\u0103m gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u1ecd \u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u1ea3y \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ed1ng th\u1ecd v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft l\u00fac tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0.<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1ng theo \u0111\u00fang n\u0103m gi\u1edbi th\u00ec s\u1ed1ng th\u1ecd: \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u1eadc minh tri\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eadu th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean v\u1ed9i ch\u00ea bai l\u00e0 m\u00ea t\u00edn. Hi\u1ec7n nay, khoa h\u1ecdc y t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c hay l\u00e0 phi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. Ch\u00ednh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng phi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0m y\u1ebfu c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft c\u1ea7u, khi\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb y\u1ebfu \u0111i, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 l\u00e2m b\u1ec7nh. H\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh, b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u00e1c, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m cho m\u1ea5t th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 sinh ra c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0, m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00f4 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i u \u00e1c t\u00ednh. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m \u00e1c, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n k\u00e8m theo s\u1ef1 lo \u00e2u, s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m c\u1eafn r\u1ee9t v.v… k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebft n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft v\u00e0o trong m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c. Trong khi nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m thi\u1ec7n, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft v\u00e0o trong m\u00e1u nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 l\u00e0m cho to\u00e0n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, tinh th\u1ea7n s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a khoa Y h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, cho ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y m\u1ed1i li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 minh tri\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i t\u1edbi, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u00e0ng m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, theo cu\u1ed1n Dhammapala Jataka, l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec7n, gi\u1eef \u0111\u00fang n\u0103m gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ecd, kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tinh th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef n\u0103m gi\u1edbi, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam c\u01b0 s\u0129 s\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi lu\u00f4n lo \u00e2u v\u00e0 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu gi\u1eef \u0111\u00fang n\u0103m gi\u1edbi th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam c\u01b0 s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n lo \u00e2u s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

“Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u0103m ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 kheo, nam c\u01b0 s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 n\u0103m?<\/p>\n

“T\u1eeb b\u1ecf s\u00e1t sanh, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf t\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh trong c\u00e1c d\u1ee5c, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf n\u00f3i l\u00e1o, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111\u1eafm say r\u01b0\u1ee3u men, r\u01b0\u1ee3u n\u1ea5u”.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f2n n\u00f3i l\u1ea1i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i, d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1ec5 nh\u1edb:<\/p>\n

Ai s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i sinh linh,
\nV\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u00e1o \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi,
\nL\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng cho,
\n\u0110i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c,
\nV\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e3i \u0111\u1eafm say,
\nU\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u men r\u01b0\u1ee3u n\u1ea5u,
\n… \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi n\u0103m \u00e1c gi\u1edbi.
\nM\u1ea1ng chung, sanh \u00e1c tu\u1ec7.
\nB\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y, s\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 n\u0103m gi\u1edbi, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng theo n\u0103m \u00e1c gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 khi s\u1ed1ng th\u00ec s\u1ed1ng trong s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, khi ch\u1ebft th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecda xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng theo \u0111\u00fang n\u0103m gi\u1edbi, th\u00ec khi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng lo \u00e2u s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, m\u00e0 sau khi ch\u1ebft, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh l\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f5i l\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n

“Ai kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1i sanh linh,
\nKh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00e1o \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi,
\nKh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho,
\nKh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi,
\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafm say
\nR\u01b0\u1ee3u men v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u n\u1ea5u,
\n… \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi,
\nM\u1ea1ng chung sanh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7,
\n\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh l\u00ean c\u00f5i l\u00e0nh. (T\u0103ng Chi II, 210, 211)<\/p>\n

Trong 49 n\u0103m thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gia ch\u1ee7 s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i gia, c\u00f3 v\u1ee3, c\u00f3 con, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, s\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec7n, gi\u1eef n\u0103m gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, gia ch\u1ee7 Dighajanu, thu\u1ed9c b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c Kolya th\u01b0a v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt r\u1eb1ng: “B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, ch\u00fang con l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gia ch\u1ee7, h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd c\u00e1c d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng, s\u1ed1ng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi v\u1ee3 con, d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0n \u1edf Kasi, \u0111eo v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng hoa, h\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u1ec7u, ph\u1ea5n s\u00e1p, v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c. B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n h\u00e3y thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang con, thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho ch\u00fang con h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac an l\u1ea1c ngay trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac an l\u1ea1c c\u1ea3 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai”. (T\u0103ng Chi III, trg 119)<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt b\u00e8n gi\u1ea3ng cho gia ch\u1ee7 Dighajanu v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

1) S\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00e1o v\u00e1t, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1eadt gi\u1ecfi, th\u1eadt thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

2) Bi\u1ebft gi\u1eef g\u00ecn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n do ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m ra, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t, l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n

3) \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i: V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c, th\u00ec h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, th\u00ec h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, th\u00ec h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7”. (T\u0103ng Chi III, trg 121)<\/p>\n

4) Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, Ph\u1eadt khuy\u00ean gia ch\u1ee7 h\u00e3y bi\u1ebft s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, kh\u00f4ng \u0111am m\u00ea \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng \u0111am m\u00ea r\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u00e8, kh\u00f4ng \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1edd b\u1ea1c, kh\u00f4ng giao du v\u1edbi b\u1ecdn \u00e1c”. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00ed b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m k\ue834r\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 b\u1ed1n c\u00e1i c\u1eeda, n\u1ebfu m\u1edf ra th\u00ec t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t t\u00e1n h\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0: “kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafm say \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafm say r\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u00e8, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafm say c\u1edd b\u1ea1c, l\u1ea1i bi\u1ebft giao du v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0nh”, th\u00ec t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n trong nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o, phong ph\u00fa. (T\u0103ng Chi III, trg 118)<\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch s\u1ed1ng theo n\u0103m gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a n\u0103m gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta, nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n nay, n\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c n\u0103m gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c n\u1ed9i dung n\u0103m gi\u1edbi, trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n nay<\/p>\n

1) Gi\u1edbi s\u00e1t sinh:<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi s\u00e1t sinh, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1edb c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 tay m\u00ecnh gi\u1ebft hay b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c gi\u1ebft. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng, n\u00e2ng cao gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. C\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 coi tr\u1ecdng m\u1ecdi d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u00ean \u00e1n m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, khi c\u00f2n t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u00ean \u00e1n t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e0n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o B\u00e0 la m\u00f4n, v\u00ec gi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00fang th\u1ea7n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m d\u00ea, c\u1eebu, b\u00f2 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh th\u00fa vui s\u0103n b\u1eafn c\u1ee7a vua ch\u00faa. V\u00e0 l\u1ebd t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfn tranh d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p khi c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1ecb x\u00e2m l\u0103ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u1eefng \u00f4ng vua Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed nh\u01b0 L\u00fd Th\u00e1i T\u1ed5, L\u00fd Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng, L\u00fd Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng, Tr\u1ea7n Th\u00e1i T\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u0103ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do lu\u1eadt nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 tu s\u0129, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t gia th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7m v\u0169 kh\u00ed. Mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea7m v\u0169 kh\u00ed ra tr\u1eadn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n t\u1ee5c, l\u00e0m c\u00e1i vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 trong s\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i: “C\u1edfi \u00e1o c\u00e0 sa, kho\u00e1c \u00e1o chi\u1ebfn b\u00e0o”.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tu s\u0129 xu\u1ea5t gia bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i gia. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f2n t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, t\u0103ng s\u0129 kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng, do \u0111\u00f3, trong lu\u1eadt c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, Tu s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1n c\u00e2y, ph\u00e1 c\u00e2y, \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u00ec l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf. Kinh t\u1ea1ng Pali n\u00f3i t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng th\u00f4 s\u01a1 (ekindriya jiva, hay sappanaka uda) s\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y, c\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t. (Trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt (Vinaya Pitaka cu\u1ed1n III trg 126 v\u00e0 Vinaya cu\u1ed1n 14 trg 125) \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb l\u00f2ng bi bao qu\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 l\u1edbn hay nh\u1ecf, m\u1eaft th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i trong Kinh T\u1eeb bi thu\u1ed9c Kinh t\u1ea1ng Pali:<\/p>\n

” Lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y,
\nLo\u00e0i s\u1ed1ng xa, kh\u00f4ng xa
\nC\u00e1c lo\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng,
\nC\u00e1c lo\u00e0i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh
\nMong m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang sanh
\nS\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac an l\u1ea1c.
\n… H\u00e3y tu t\u1eadp t\u1eeb t\u00e2m,
\nTrong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi,
\nH\u00e3y tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m \u00fd,
\nKh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.
\nPh\u00eda tr\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi.
\nC\u0169ng v\u1eady c\u1ea3 b\u1ec1 ngang,
\nKh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c,
\nKh\u00f4ng h\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch.
\nNh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9,
\n\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh,
\nTr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi lo che ch\u1edf,
\nCon \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.
\nC\u0169ng v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3,
\nC\u00e1c h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh ch\u00fang sanh
\nH\u00e3y tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m \u00fd
\nKh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn”.<\/p>\n

(T\u1eadp Kinh Kinh T\u1eeb Bi trg 25)<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb bi l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t \u1edf th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 m\u00ecnh, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed d\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u0111i, \u0111\u1ee9ng hay, n\u1eb1m ng\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ec1u an tr\u00fa ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb, l\u00f2ng bi kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Trong Kinh t\u1ea1ng Pali, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng hay khuy\u00ean c\u00e1o c\u00e1c T\u1ef7 kheo \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed Ph\u1eadt h\u00e3y ch\u0103m tu t\u1eadp b\u1ed1n v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e2m t\u1eeb, bi, h\u1ef7, x\u1ea3, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh \u1edf kh\u1eafp b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u00f9 nh\u1ecf, hay l\u1edbn, th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ec1u bao qu\u00e1t trong b\u1ed1n t\u00e2m t\u1eeb, bi, h\u1ef7, x\u1ea3 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00f4 bi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

M\u00e3i g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y m\u1edbi l\u1eadp ra m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “\u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng” (environnmental ethics), \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e2y c\u1ecf, n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1ng khen c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn thuy\u1ebft t\u1eeb bi r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt. Nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n Hajime Nakamura vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n

“Theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n, khai th\u00e1c b\u1eeba b\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean” (Hajime Nakamura – Encyclopedia of Bioethics – T\u1eadp I.Free Press. New York. trg 371)<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc Nakamura vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp: “M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u1edbi thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh tr\u00ed thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p, thanh t\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ea7y th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1ecb”. (S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, trg 371)<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eafc qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thuy\u1ebft t\u1eeb bi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, d\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u, thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v.v… \u0110\u00fang l\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u c\u1eafn l\u00faa v\u00e0 c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Nh\u01b0ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00ean h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 tai h\u1ea1i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf. \u0110\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb c\u1eb1n c\u1ed7i, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt trong \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i. N\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng, nhi\u1ec1u s\u00f4ng, h\u1ed3, ao kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1, t\u00f4m, cua v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c! M\u00e3i g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 gi\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n sinh v\u1eadt, c\u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. N\u00f3i chung khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111ang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng sinh th\u00e1i trong \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e2y c\u1ecf, nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00edt h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t th\u1eafc m\u1eafc th\u1ee9 hai qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00eau l\u00ean v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi s\u00e1t sinh l\u00e0 \u0103n th\u1ecbt c\u00e1, c\u00f3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft t\u1eeb bi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 l\u00e0 trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tu s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n th\u1ecbt, c\u00e1. Th\u00ed ch\u1ee7 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00ec th\u00ec \u0103n n\u1ea5y, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 th\u1ecbt, c\u00e1, tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. Hi\u1ec7n nay, \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0 Campuchia, L\u00e0o, Th\u00e1i lan, Sri Lanka t\u0103ng s\u0129 v\u1eabn theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 \u0103n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 ng\u1ecd th\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0103n n\u1eefa. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn t\u0103ng s\u0129 \u0103n tr\u01b0\u1eddng trai, nh\u01b0ng \u0103n nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eefa. \u1ede c\u00e1c x\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, tuy l\u00e0 theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng t\u0103ng s\u0129 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y v\u1eabn \u0103n m\u1eb7n. M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a T\u0103ng s\u0129 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0103n m\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o ch\u1ee7 r\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Ng\u00e0i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng, trong n\u0103m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng tuy\u1ebft bao ph\u1ee7 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, c\u00e2y c\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng m\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec t\u0103ng s\u0129 \u0103n chay th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1 ra thuy\u1ebft th\u1ecbt trong s\u1ea1ch. Th\u1ecbt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u1ebfu m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng nghe bi\u1ebft con v\u1eadt b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft th\u1ecbt, c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5, con v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft th\u1ecbt \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u00ecnh \u0103n. Th\u1ecbt nh\u01b0 v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ecbt trong s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u00e0o, v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0103n chay v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0103n chay ngon, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, th\u00ec n\u00ean \u0103n chay. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t, m\u00e0 n\u00ean t\u00f9y theo ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u00edch t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0103n chay l\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0103n m\u1eb7n th\u00ec s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i sanh t\u1eed. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 \u1edf l\u00f2ng tham hay kh\u00f4ng tham. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n th\u1ecbt m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tham, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n chay m\u00e0 tham. Tham \u0103n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tham s\u1eafc, danh, ti\u1ec1n, ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1eabn t\u1edbi lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i sanh t\u1eed. Kh\u00f4ng tham th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh ham th\u00edch. Th\u00e2n t\u00e2m nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

K\u00ednh th\u01b0a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb!<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0103n chay tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ec9 \u0103n chay trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb h\u00e3y b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u m\u00ecnh l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u00edch nh\u01b0 con ch\u00f3, con m\u00e8o, con b\u00f2, con ng\u1ef1a v.v… Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb h\u00e3y h\u1ecdc cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, tu t\u1eadp cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb bi, m\u00e0 trong Kinh T\u1eeb bi, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1 cao nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00f5i th\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi sau s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec b\u00f3ng \u0111i theo h\u00ecnh, \u00e2m vang kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi ti\u1ebfng, b\u00e1nh xe l\u0103n theo b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n con b\u00f2 k\u00e9o xe:<\/p>\n

“\u00dd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p
\n\u00dd l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, \u00fd t\u1ea1o.
\nN\u1ebfu v\u1edbi \u00fd thanh t\u1ecbnh,
\nN\u00f3i l\u00ean hay h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng
\nAn l\u1ea1c b\u01b0\u1edbc theo sau
\nNh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi h\u00ecnh<\/p>\n

(Kinh Ph\u00e1p C\u00fa, K\u1ec7 1 v\u00e0 2)<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m \u00fd thanh t\u1ecbnh, trong Kinh ph\u00e1p C\u00fa, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00e2m t\u1eeb, t\u00e2m bi m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ca ng\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p cho \u00f4ng C\u1ea5p C\u00f4 \u0110\u1ed9c (Anathapindika) v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 th\u00ed. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, cho \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 T\u0103ng ch\u00fang th\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n l\u00e0 x\u00e2y m\u1ed9t tu vi\u1ec7n cho T\u0103ng ch\u00fang. C\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tu vi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 th\u1ecd tam quy, quy Ph\u1eadt, Ph\u00e1p, T\u0103ng. C\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u01a1n th\u1ecd tam quy l\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u0103m gi\u1edbi. C\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u01a1n gi\u1eef n\u0103m gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 gi\u1eef t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m t\u1eeb bi, d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 trong gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt”. (Xem T\u0103ng Chi IV trg 264 – 265)<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c coi tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb, l\u00f2ng bi v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u0103m gi\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 trong Kinh T\u1eeb bi, n\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta \u0111i, \u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb1m, ng\u1ed3i, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec7m t\u1eeb bi, th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i, th\u00ec c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean. M\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb, \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t sinh, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t sinh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? X\u01b0a nay, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t sinh l\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng sanh, l\u00e0 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c mua c\u00e1 \u0111em th\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i xu\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng, mua chim nu\u00f4i \u1edf l\u1ed3ng r\u1ed3i \u0111em th\u1ea3 cho bay \u0111i t\u1ef1 do… Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i g\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi s\u00e1t sinh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa th\u00eam, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf m\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p, trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec tham gia c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1o lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o h\u00e0nh, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i trong ph\u1ea1m vi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, khu v\u1ef1c, qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t sinh. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, tham gia cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i sinh trong ph\u1ea1m vi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, khu v\u1ef1c, qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, cho t\u1edbi qu\u1eadn, ph\u01b0\u1eddng, khu ph\u1ed1… B\u1edfi l\u1ebd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, c\u0169ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i hi\u1ec3u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u1edf kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n s\u1ed1ng, v\u1ec7 sinh hay ph\u1ea3n v\u1ec7 sinh, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hay l\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh h\u00f3a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta t\u1eebng gia \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t mong cho m\u1ed7i ch\u00f9a, thi\u1ec1n vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed cho t\u1edbi m\u1ed7i gia \u0111\u00ecnh Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng trung t\u00e2m l\u1edbn hay nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb, bi, h\u1ef7, x\u1ea3, nh\u1eefng trung t\u00e2m \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00e0 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p, nh\u1eefng trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh. K\u00ednh th\u01b0a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb! \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi s\u00e1t sinh.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu v\u0103n minh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c, “\u0111\u00e8n nh\u00e0 ai r\u1ea1ng nh\u00e0 \u1ea5y”, th\u00ec v\u0103n minh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u0103n minh Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft s\u1ed1ng h\u00f2a h\u00e0i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m vui c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

2) Gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho.<\/p>\n

Thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m vi gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp l\u1ed9 li\u1ec5u, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi nh\u01b0 bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu, tham nh\u0169ng, l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o, l\u1eadt l\u1ecdng trong bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n l\u1eddi b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh, l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng hay chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng v.v…<\/p>\n

\u1ede c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c b\u1eeba b\u00e3i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0 qu\u1eb7ng kim lo\u1ea1i, d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, hay l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nh\u01b0 r\u1eebng g\u1ed7, lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1eadu th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1nh Gandhi n\u00f3i “\u0102n m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0103n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t ph\u1ea7n \u0103n \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c”. Tr\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh v\u00e0 ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0103n nh\u1eadu, ti\u1ec7c t\u00f9ng l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed, nh\u1eefng b\u1eefa \u0103n \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 cho 20 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ba, b\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 khoe khoang, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu l\u00f2ng tr\u1eafc \u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3i, \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, \u0103n m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0103n, th\u00ec mi\u1ebfng \u0103n \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, sinh ra l\u1eafm ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n no: b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t, b\u1ec7nh d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, b\u1ec7nh huy\u1ebft \u00e1p, b\u1ec7nh b\u00e9o b\u1ec7u v\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau th\u1ee9 b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

a) S\u1ed1ng trung th\u1ef1c, l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n, tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m t\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 c\u00e2y kim, s\u1ee3i ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n

b) S\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7, b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u th\u00eam b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i l\u00e0m \u0103n l\u1eeba l\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, phi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. C\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eebng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng C\u1ea5p C\u00f4 \u0110\u1ed9c r\u1eb1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m vui nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i, do lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u1ee3 n\u1ea7n. Nh\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m vui \u0111\u00f3, tuy ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn thua xa ni\u1ec1m vui c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m khi\u1ec3n tr\u00e1ch. (Xem T\u0103ng Chi IV 264 – 265)<\/p>\n

c) S\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft b\u1ed1 th\u00ed lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t. B\u1ed1 th\u00ed c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i: T\u00e0i th\u00ed l\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t. Ph\u00e1p th\u00ed l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed1 th\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ca ng\u1ee3i l\u00e0 b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t. Ph\u00e1p th\u00ed l\u00e0 \u0111em \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i, \u0111i\u1ec1u hay, \u0111\u1eb9p m\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p chia x\u1ebb v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u0103ng s\u0129 m\u1edbi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1p th\u00ed. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady, T\u0103ng s\u0129 thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p th\u00ed. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong gi\u1ea3ng t\u00f2a n\u00e0y, \u0111em n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh, con c\u00e1i, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, th\u00e2n h\u1eefu, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u01b0a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p th\u00ed. D\u00f9ng m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p th\u00ed. Thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p h\u1eb1ng gi\u1edd nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p th\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0nh, gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nghe ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y m\u00e0 th\u00f4i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p th\u00ed. \u1ede \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec7m qu\u00e1n v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00f2n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 T\u0103ng ch\u00fang, l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 x\u00e2y ch\u00f9a v\u00e0 tu vi\u1ec7n, h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 th\u1ecd tam quy, ng\u0169 gi\u1edbi v.v…<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba ph\u00e1p \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 l\u1edbn lao v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec m\u1edbi d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng tham, l\u00f2ng s\u00e2n, l\u00f2ng si, m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eeda v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n an l\u1ea1c. C\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n, l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng tham, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng si. M\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng tham, s\u00e2n v\u00e0 si th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u00fay th\u00ed. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, che ch\u1edf, an \u1ee7i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh, g\u1eb7p n\u1ea1n, th\u00e2n c\u00f4, th\u1ebf c\u00f4, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u00fay th\u00ed, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

T\u00f9y h\u1ef7 th\u00ed l\u00e0 chia x\u1ebb ni\u1ec1m vui c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. M\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f9y h\u1ef7 th\u00ed l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng ganh gh\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ed1 k\ueb20kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng hoan h\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Trong b\u1ed1n v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i t\u1edbi trong Kinh t\u1ea1ng Pali, c\u00f3 t\u00e2m h\u1ef7. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh t\u00f9y h\u1ef7, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chia x\u1ebb ni\u1ec1m vui c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sanh. L\u00f2ng h\u1ef7 (t\u00f9y h\u1ef7) bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb. B\u1edfi v\u00ec l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i ni\u1ec1m vui cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. M\u00e0 chia x\u1ebb ni\u1ec1m vui c\u0169ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ni\u1ec1m vui, \u0111em l\u1ea1i ni\u1ec1m vui.<\/p>\n

Trong s\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt, c\u00f2n n\u00f3i t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed n\u1eefa, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 cung k\u00ednh th\u00ed, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00e9m tu\u1ed5i m\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh. Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u00eau c\u0103ng ng\u1ea1o m\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt. V\u00ec d\u01b0\u1edbi con m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt, cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1edbi k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 \u0111i c\u00f3 l\u1ea1i trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

3) Gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0 d\u00e2m:<\/p>\n

Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay t\u1eeb c\u1ef1c \u0111oan n\u00e0y nh\u1ea3y sang m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1c \u0111oan kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng t\u1eed l\u00e0 “nam n\u1eef th\u1ecd th\u1ecd b\u1ea5t th\u00e2n” nh\u01b0ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i l\u00fan s\u00e2u v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1c \u0111oan kh\u00e1c t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: gia \u0111\u00ecnh tan n\u00e1t, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ly d\u1ecb cao, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh tr\u1ebb con s\u1ed1ng b\u01a1 v\u01a1, thi\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, cho n\u00ean t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, s\u1ed1 thanh ni\u00ean nghi\u1ec7n ng\u1eadp, h\u00fat x\u00e1ch, mua b\u00e1n d\u00e2m b\u1eeba b\u00e3i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t trong h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 tai h\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c b\u1eeba b\u00e3i l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh Sida, m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lan tr\u00e0n mau ch\u00f3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i lo chung cho c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec7n nay xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 ba, gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0 d\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u00e0ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00ean, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nhu c\u1ea7u b\u1ee9c x\u00fac h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u00e3 man chuy\u1ec3n sang t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u0103n minh l\u00e0 nh\u1edd c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft ch\u1ebf gia \u0111\u00ecnh. T\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u1edbn trong s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft ch\u1ebf gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an \u1ee7i, b\u1edbt c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i, trong c\u00e1nh tay \u00f4m \u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9, trong ti\u1ebfng ru con c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c b\u1eeba b\u00e3i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft ch\u1ebf gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, khi\u1ebfn cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i quay l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng man d\u00e3,th\u00ec c\u0169ng s\u1ed1ng phi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i ra, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt m\u1edbi quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c b\u1eeba b\u00e3i. Nh\u01b0ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c b\u1eeba b\u00e3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n ph\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean m\u00e0n \u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng khai, kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fat x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 e th\u1eb9n.<\/p>\n

K\u00ednh th\u01b0a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb!<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i v\u00f2ng lu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u0103n minh, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. C\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5, th\u00ec l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ra con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111au kh\u1ed5 h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo n\u0103m gi\u1edbi, m\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7n, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng tr\u00e1nh c\u1ea3 hai c\u1ef1c \u0111oan: \u0111am m\u00ea d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng \u00e9p x\u00e1c kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia, \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c d\u00e2m d\u1ee5c. \u0110\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed t\u1ea1i gia, \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cao nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Quan h\u1ec7 v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1eeba c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a, l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0 quan h\u1ec7 cha m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i, quan h\u1ec7 anh, ch\u1ecb em, v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng th\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c. Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t m\u00e0 v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng, l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec m\u1ecdi quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u0169ng s\u1ebd v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh theo. M\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh. Gi\u1eef \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edbi “kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0 d\u00e2m”, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

4) Gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i<\/p>\n

T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m v\u1ecdng ng\u1eef. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i tai h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. N\u00f3i d\u1ed1i ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng chung v\u1edbi nhau trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tin c\u1eady l\u1eabn nhau, tin c\u1eady r\u1eb1ng, trong giao ti\u1ebfp, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i th\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 tan r\u00e3. Th\u1ee9 hai, tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng tai h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i n\u00e0y k\u00e9o theo l\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c r\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa, c\u00f2n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, cho t\u1edbi khi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng b\u1ecb bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi t\u1ea5m m\u00e0n d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1 do m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra. M\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi xa \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng sa \u0111\u1ecda v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, kh\u00f3 g\u1ee1 ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u00ecm t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eebng n\u00f3i ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Trong Kinh “Gi\u00e1o gi\u1edbi La H\u1ea7u La t\u1ea1i r\u1eebng Am B\u00e0 La” (Trung b\u1ed9 Kinh II, trg 122), \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i trong ch\u1eadu m\u1ed9t \u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o La H\u1ea7u La r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n

“N\u00e0y La H\u1ea7u La, ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong ch\u1eadu kh\u00f4ng?”<\/p>\n

“Th\u01b0a c\u00f3, b\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n.”<\/p>\n

“C\u0169ng \u00edt v\u1eady, n\u00e0y La H\u1ea7u La l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh Sa m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o bi\u1ebft m\u00e0 v\u1eabn n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i, n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5”.<\/p>\n

R\u1ed3i \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt h\u1eaft ch\u00fat \u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ch\u1eadu \u0111i, l\u1eadt \u00fap ch\u1eadu l\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i l\u1eadt ng\u1eeda ch\u1eadu ra v\u00e0 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

“N\u00e0y La H\u1ea7u La, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ea5y ch\u1eadu n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng hay kh\u00f4ng?”.<\/p>\n

“Th\u01b0a c\u00f3, b\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n”.<\/p>\n

“C\u0169ng tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u00e0y La H\u1ea7u La l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh Sa m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft m\u00e0 n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5.”<\/p>\n

R\u1ed3i \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n sau c\u1ee7a Kinh, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u1ea1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n

“N\u00e0y La H\u1ea7u La, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ai bi\u1ebft m\u00e0 n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5, th\u1eddi Ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec \u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m. Do v\u1eady, n\u00e0y La H\u1ea7u La, ta quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 ch\u01a1i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u00e0y La H\u1ea7u La, ng\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp”<\/p>\n

K\u00ednh th\u01b0a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb!<\/p>\n

R\u1ea5t mong qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, v\u1ec1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u0169ng d\u1eady d\u1ed7 con ch\u00e1u m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 ch\u01a1i. Hi\u1ec7n nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Trong nh\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 mu\u1ed1n d\u1ed7 con n\u00edn, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3c, c\u0169ng n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i. Cha m\u1eb9, mu\u1ed1n \u0111i ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi nhau m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng cho con \u0111i theo c\u0169ng n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i. Ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 m\u1eddi kh\u00e1ch \u0103n c\u01a1m, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eddi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n m\u1eddi. Kh\u00e1ch tuy ch\u01b0a \u0103n c\u01a1m \u1edf nh\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi m\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 c\u0169ng n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i: “Xin l\u1ed7i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 ph\u00e9p r\u1ed3i”.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i theo ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, th\u01b0a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1, theo \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 cha m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i. B\u1edfi v\u00ec, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean coi th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ebb con. Ch\u00fang n\u00f3 bi\u1ebft h\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang n\u00f3 s\u1ebd n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9, v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang. Cho n\u00ean, th\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang kh\u00f3c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng sao. Kh\u00f3c m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 thao, c\u00e0ng kh\u1ecfe ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec h\u00e3y im l\u1eb7ng, ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eebng c\u00f3 n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i. N\u00f3i d\u1ed1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0103n v\u1eb7t, s\u1ebd quen m\u1ed3m v\u00e0 g\u00e2y t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i l\u1eddi chia r\u1ebd, g\u00e2y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea5t \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng n\u00f3i l\u1eddi h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed1n b\u1ecb chia r\u1ebd, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 x\u1ea5u n\u00f3i chia r\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng h\u1eadn th\u00f9, ganh t\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u00e1c mu\u1ed1n g\u00e2y \u0111au kh\u1ed5 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a, mu\u1ed1n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t nhau, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn nhau, hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m nhau.<\/p>\n

Khi l\u1eddi n\u00f3i x\u1ea5u, n\u00f3i chia r\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i, th\u00ec hai t\u1ed9i n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chia r\u1ebd c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i \u00e1c, c\u00f5i kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i chia r\u1ebd l\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u1eddi h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p, xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb, l\u00f2ng bi. Theo s\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i l\u1eddi h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh, \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi sau.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i, n\u00f3i chia r\u1ebd, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i l\u1eddi \u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c, kh\u00f3 nghe, l\u00e0m \u0111au l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. K\u00edch b\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi l\u1eddi chua cay, ch\u1eedi r\u1ee7a, m\u1eafng nhi\u1ebfc ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi l\u1eddi th\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 b\u1ecb tr\u00e1i \u00fd, kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng. Trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn, l\u1ea1i bi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi, \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac, n\u00f3i l\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00edch, tr\u00e1nh n\u00f3i nh\u1ea3m nh\u00ed, n\u00f3i l\u1eddi v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eb7n l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi\u0111\u00fang s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. L\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tu s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c, ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u \u0111em t\u1eb7ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i t\u1eb7ng \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac, \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed t\u1ea1i gia c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt, c\u0169ng n\u00ean tranh th\u1ee7 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u00f3 \u00edch, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1, d\u1ec5 nghe, d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tranh th\u1ee7 n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p, ph\u00e1p th\u00ed d\u00f9 l\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

5) Gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t say kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a r\u01b0\u1ee3u th\u00ec ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng ai c\u0169ng u\u1ed1ng. Ngay \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u0169ng v\u1eady. U\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, u\u1ed1ng bia tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i m\u1ed1t, m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 th\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c nh\u1ecf hay l\u1edbn, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 ti\u1ec7c gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tai n\u1ea1n giao th\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m do say r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng. Thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, xem \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i l\u1edbn v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m khoa h\u1ecdc cho th\u1ea5y, r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0o cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn r\u01b0\u1ee3u hay bia u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ee9ng g\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb h\u01a1i r\u01b0\u1ee3u ph\u1ea3 v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf, r\u01b0\u1ee3u hay bia u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i b\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i t\u1ecfa ra ngo\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i g\u00ec cho vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 r\u01b0\u1ee3u u\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00edt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u00edch th\u1ea7n kinh, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu u\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u, u\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y th\u00ec l\u1ee3i b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp h\u1ea1i, tuy r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 say. M\u1ed9t t\u1edd t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Y h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Anh cho bi\u1ebft, ng\u01b0\u1eddi u\u1ed1ng bia h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t g\u1ea5p 12 l\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng bia. Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 thai m\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, th\u00ec d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebb non v\u00e0 \u0111au m\u00e0ng \u00f3c. U\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u0169ng g\u00e2y t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u00f3c, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do tr\u00ean, cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt xem gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong n\u0103m gi\u1edbi c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Trong Kinh Thi\u1ec7n sanh (Sigalovadasutta), Ph\u1eadt tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 nghi\u1ec7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u00e1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m cho tan c\u1eeda n\u00e1t nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i: “N\u00e0y gia ch\u1ee7, \u0111am m\u00ea c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u00f3 s\u00e1u nguy hi\u1ec3m. T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t, hay g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i, m\u1eafc nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, danh d\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o h\u1edf hang \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 \u00e2m t\u00e0ng, tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i. N\u00e0y Gia ch\u1ee7, nghi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u00f3 s\u00e1u nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady” (Tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 kinh, Kinh Gi\u00e1o th\u1ecd Thi Ca La Vi\u1ec7t).<\/p>\n

Trong Kinh Ph\u1eadt, c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n thanh ni\u00ean nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u Mahadhanasettin phung ph\u00ed m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c r\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u00e8, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i khi v\u1ec1 gi\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0103n m\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng qua b\u1eefa. T\u1ec7 nghi\u1ec7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u, say r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a bao nhi\u00eau th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda gia \u0111\u00ecnh: v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng c\u00e3i nhau, \u0111\u00e1nh nhau, con c\u00e1i h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi say r\u01b0\u1ee3u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi t\u1ed9i \u00e1c, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed, ngay t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 ch\u0103m lo s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n trong s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh ng\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t tr\u1eafc c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 phung ph\u00ed s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, l\u00e0m m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i tinh th\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1c t\u00e1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, nhi\u1ec1u khi ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/p>\n

K\u00ednh th\u01b0a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb!<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong b\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3n h\u00f4m nay, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y kh\u00e1 chi ti\u1ebft n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a n\u0103m gi\u1edbi nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

\u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u1edf c\u1eeda n\u00e0y, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00f3 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p th\u1eadt, trong m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7. V\u0103n minh v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y tuy c\u00f3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng l\u1edbp thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c gia \u0111\u00ecnh, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. Cho n\u00ean, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i qu\u00e1 bi quan, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi lo l\u1eafng.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9, c\u00e1c b\u1eadc \u0111\u00e0n anh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111ang bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n mau l\u1eb9. H\u01b0\u1edbng bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1t, hay x\u1ea5u l\u00e0 t\u00f9y \u1edf n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

– H\u1ebft s\u1ee9c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3i gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

– Khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 s\u1edbm t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c, cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0u tr\u00ed, gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt m\u1ee9c ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch thu nh\u1eadp gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

– Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ec1 cao m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0m h\u00f4m nay tr\u00ean gi\u1ea3ng t\u00f2a n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u1edf gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

K\u00ednh th\u01b0a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb!<\/p>\n

Qua th\u1eddi gian kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u0103m gi\u1edbi theo l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y, n\u00eau r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch do gi\u1eef n\u0103m gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho nh\u1eefng ai th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng gi\u1edbi trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng gia \u0111\u00ecnh, qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111em \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u0103m gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh. C\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u0103n minh v\u00e0 l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 an l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Thi\u1ec1n vi\u1ec7n V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tu h\u1ecdc l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh t\u1ea1i gia v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t gia c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. V\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u0103m gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 g\u1eafng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u0103m gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u0103m gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec n\u0103m gi\u1edbi, nh\u00e0 nh\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec n\u0103m gi\u1edbi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u0103m gi\u1edbi, nh\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u0103m gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng nhau x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 v\u0103n minh, thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n gi\u00fap cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb, con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n

K\u00ednh ch\u00fac to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb m\u1ed9t m\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea3n s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i h\u00e0o quang c\u1ee7a n\u0103m gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, \u0111em l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac an l\u1ea1c cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh qu\u00fd v\u1ecb!<\/p>\n

Nam m\u00f4 B\u1ed5n s\u01b0 Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u0102M GI\u1edaI: M\u1ed8T N\u1ebeP S\u1ed0NG L\u00c0NH M\u1ea0NH, AN L\u1ea0C, H\u1ea0NH PH\u00daC Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u B\u00e0i Gi\u1ea3ng C\u1ee7a H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u T\u1ea1i Thi\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7n \u2026 Continue \u00e0 lire → <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1599,"menu_order":57,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-onecolumn.php","meta":{"_mc_calendar":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3974","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3974","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3974"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3974\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3975,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3974\/revisions\/3975"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1599"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pagodethienminh.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3974"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}